Category: Physical Oceanography

Partial CLIVAR sections demonstrating the spread of NADW eastward into the central South Atlantic Ocean. Vertical axis is depth in meters. Panel a) partial A16S section of CFC-11 from 15 ° -30 ° S along about 25 ° W from 1000-5000 m. The lowest contour for CFC-11 concentration is 0.01 pmol kg -1 . Color scale given on the right; two neutral density surfaces are 27.9 and 28.1 kg m -3 are identified as white lines . Panel b) Same as panel a) except for oxygen concentration in m mol kg -1 . Panel c) Same as panel a) except for salinity. Panel d) partial A13 section of CFC-11 from 15 ° -30 ° S along about 5 ° -10 ° E from 1000-5000 m. The lowest contour for CFC-11 concentration is 0.005 pmol/kg. Panel e) full cross-basin section of CFC-11 along A10, 30 ° S from 1000-5000 m. Note for a, d, and e that 0.3 pmol kg -1 is the highest concentration CFC-11 contoured and higher concentrations will appear in the same shades as for 0.3 pmol kg -1.

The fate of the Deep Western Boundary Current in the South Atlantic

The pathways of recently ventilated North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) are part of the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). In the South Atlantic these pathways have been the subject of discussion for years, mostly due to the lack of observations. Knowledge of the pathways of the AMOC in the South Atlantic is a first order prerequisite for understanding the fluxes of climatically important properties.

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The glider rests on the deck of the R/V La Sultana before deployment. Image credit: NOAA

Underwater Gliders Begin Third Mission

On July 14th, 2015, AOML physical oceanographers deployed one of two sea gliders in the Caribbean from the University of Puerto Rico’s R/V La Sultana. The third deployment will continue the project’s mission to gather important data in the Caribbean and Tropical North Atlantic Ocean to help with hurricane intensity forecasting and provide valuable information about the role the ocean plays in tropical cyclone development. What’s new for this mission? For the first time, the gliders will collect ocean current velocity profiles in addition to the real-time temperature, salinity, and oxygen data. AOML scientists also equipped the glider with an improved battery which will allow the glider to record more profile measurements. The second of the two gliders will be deployed in the Tropical North Atlantic in the upcoming weeks.

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Messages written by local schoolchildren are bottled up and ready for deployment. Image credit: NOAA

July Hydrographic Survey Conducted in the Florida Straits

AOML physical oceanographers and interns conducted a hydrographic survey along the 27th north parallel in the Florida Straits aboard the R/V F.G. Walton Smith on July 14-15 as a component of the Western Boundary Time Series project. These 2-day cruises are designed to calibrate daily estimates and quantify Florida Current volume transport and water mass changes.

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The research team alongside the NOAA ship Gordon Gunter in Newport, RI prior to taking off on an ocean acidification cruise along the U.S. East coast. Image credit: NOAA

AOML Joins Ocean Acidification Program Research Cruise Along U.S. East Coast

A team of researchers, including scientists from AOML and the University of Miami, set sail June 19th on a research cruise aboard the NOAA ship Gordon Gunter to provide increased understanding of ocean acidification and its drivers along the U.S. East coast. The cruise, which is part of a larger effort supported by NOAA’s Ocean Acidification Program, investigated near-shore and deep waters, and provided researchers with more detailed information about changing ocean chemistry in different environments.

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Aboard the NOAA Ship Ron Brown Dr. Molly Baringer of AOML explains to distinguished guests, Iceland ambassadors Dal Holter (Norway), Stuart Gil (United Kingdom), and Luis Arreaga (United States), how scientists use a CTD/O2 (conductivity-temperature-depth-oxygen) water sampler package to gather data about the physical and chemical properties of the water column.

Veteran oceanographer, Dr. Molly Baringer, selected as AOML’s next deputy director

AOML is pleased to announce Dr. Molly Baringer as AOML’s next deputy director. Molly officially began her new position on May 18 after serving in an acting capacity since October, 2014. Molly is a veteran sea-going oceanographer and has led numerous research projects during her 21-year tenure at AOML. Her research portfolio is strongly rooted […]

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Illustration of increased trade winds in the Pacific and Indian Oceans during the recent warming hiatus, which increased the inter-ocean pressure gradient and thus enhanced Indonesian throughflow. This resulted in an abrupt increase of Indian Ocean heat content. Image credit: NOAA/CIMAS

Indian Ocean Plays Key Role in Global Warming Hiatus

The earth is warming, but temperatures in the atmosphere and at the sea surface that steadily rose in the last half-century have leveled off and slowed in the past decade, causing the appearance of an imbalance in Earth’s heat budget. Scientists are looking into the deep ocean to determine where this additional heat energy could be stored, and recently traced a pathway that leads to the Indian Ocean.

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Gliders lined up and ready for deployment. Photo Credit: NOAA.

Underwater Gliders Retrieved After Successful Second Mission

On April 27th, AOML physical oceanographers partnered with the University of Puerto Rico to successfully recover two underwater gliders from the Caribbean Sea aboard the R/V La Sultana of the University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez. The gliders successfully transected a region in the eastern Caribbean providing approximately 3000 profile observations of temperature, salinity, oxygen, and surface as well as depth-average current velocities. 

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The ARSV Laurence M. Gould, operated by the National Science Foundation (NSF), in the Southern Ocean. (Colm Sweeney / CIRES & NOAA)

Scientists Find Southern Ocean Removing CO2 from the Atmosphere More Efficiently

A research vessel ploughs through the waves, braving the strong westerly winds of the Roaring Forties in the Southern Ocean in order to measure levels of dissolved carbon dioxide in the surface of the ocean. (Nicolas Metzl, LOCEAN/IPSL Laboratory).

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The NOAA ship Nancy Foster in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Image Credit: NOAA

AOML Partners with NOAA Fisheries to Study Larval Fish in the Caribbean

AOML is partnering with NOAA’s Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) to conduct an interdisciplinary research cruise aboard the NOAA Ship Nancy Foster from April 11, 2015 through June 3, 2015. The cruise will begin in the U.S. Virgin Islands and extend westward across the northern Caribbean conducting various biological and physical oceanographic surveys.

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A pair of bottlenose dolphins cruising behind the Nancy Foster. Image credit: NOAA

NOAA Conducts Interdisciplinary Research Cruise in the Caribbean Aboard the Nancy Foster

AOML partnered with NOAA’s Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) to conduct an interdisciplinary research cruise aboard the NOAA Ship Nancy Foster from April 11, 2015 through June 3, 2015. The cruise began in the U.S. Virgin Islands and extended westward across the northern Caribbean to Mexico. Researchers from various institutions conducted a myriad of biological and physical oceanographic surveys during the three month cruise.

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