Hurricane Research Division of AOML/NOAA

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Dr. Jun A. Zhang
Scientist
Hurricane Research Division-- CIMAS
phone: 305-361-4557
fax: 305-361-4402
jun.zhang@noaa.gov

NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
Miami, FL 33149

Professional Interests

Jun Zhang's main research interests are hurricane boundary layer structure and dynamics, turbulence observations, air-sea interaction, numerical modeling and physical parameterizations. He has recently studied turbulent fluxes in the hurricane boundary layer using research aircraft and portable wind tower observations, dissipative heating in the surface layer both over the ocean and land, hurricane boundary layer height using dropsonde data, air-sea thermodynamic exchange using buoy observations, vertical and horizontal turbulence mixing processes in the low-level troposphere of intense hurricane eyewall, and evaluation and improvement of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes used in the WRF and HWRF models simulating hurricanes.

Current Research Projects

Recently Published Peer-Reviewed Papers

Hazelton, A., J.A. Zhang, and S.G. Gopalakrishnan. Comparison of the performance of the observation-based hybrid EDMF and EDMF-TKE PBL schemes in 2020 tropical cyclone forecasts from the Global-nested Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System. Weather and Forecasting, 37(4):457-476, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-21-0124.1 2022
Liu, C., X. Li, J. Song, Z. Zou, J. Huang, J.A. Zhang, G. Jie, and J. Wang. Characteristics of the marine atmospheric boundary layer under the influence of ocean surface waves. Journal of Physical Oceanography, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-21-0164.1 2022
Wadler, J.B., J.J. Cione, J.A. Zhang, E.A. Kalina, and J. Kaplan. The effects of environmental wind shear direction on tropical cyclone boundary layer thermodynamics and intensity change from multiple observational datasets. Monthly Weather Review, 150(1):115-134, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-21-0022.1 2022

Click here for Full List of Publications

Hazelton, A., J.A. Zhang, and S.G. Gopalakrishnan. Comparison of the performance of the observation-based hybrid EDMF and EDMF-TKE PBL schemes in 2020 tropical cyclone forecasts from the Global-nested Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System. Weather and Forecasting, 37(4):457-476, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-21-0124.1 2022
Liu, C., X. Li, J. Song, Z. Zou, J. Huang, J.A. Zhang, G. Jie, and J. Wang. Characteristics of the marine atmospheric boundary layer under the influence of ocean surface waves. Journal of Physical Oceanography, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-21-0164.1 2022
Wadler, J.B., J.J. Cione, J.A. Zhang, E.A. Kalina, and J. Kaplan. The effects of environmental wind shear direction on tropical cyclone boundary layer thermodynamics and intensity change from multiple observational datasets. Monthly Weather Review, 150(1):115-134, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-21-0022.1 2022
Wang, C., G. Zheng, X. Li, Q. Xu, B. Liu, and J.A. Zhang. Tropical cyclone intensity estimation from geostationary satellite imagery using deep convolutional neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2021.3066299 2022
Zawislak, J., R.F. Rogers, S.D. Aberson, G.J. Alaka, G. Alvey, A. Aksoy, L. Bucci, J. Cione, N. Dorst, J. Dunion, M. Fischer, J. Gamache, S. Gopalakrishnan, A. Hazelton, H.M. Holbach, J. Kaplan, H. Leighton, F. Marks, S.T. Murillo, P. Reasor, K. Ryan, K. Sellwood, J.A. Sippel, and J.A. Zhang. Accomplishments of NOAA’S airborne hurricane field program and a broader future approach to forecast improvement. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 103(2):E311-E338, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0174.1 2022
Chen, N., T. Tang, J.A. Zhang, L.-M. Ma, and H. Yu. On the distribution of helicity in the tropical cyclone boundary layer from dropsonde composites. Atmospheric Research, 249:105298, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105298 2021
Chen, X., G.H. Bryan, J.A. Zhang, J.J. Cione, and F.D. Marks. A framework for simulating the tropical-cyclone boundary layer using large-eddy simulation and its use in evaluating PBL parameterizations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78(11):3559-3574, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-20-0227.1 2021
Chen, X., J.-F. Gu, J.A. Zhang, F.D. Marks, R.F. Rogers, and J.J. Cione. Boundary layer recovery and precipitation symmetrization preceding rapid intensification of tropical cyclones under shear. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78(5):1523-1544, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-20-0252.1 2021
Chen, X., M. Xue, B. Zhou, J. Feng, J.A. Zhang, and F.D. Marks. Effect of scale-aware planetary boundary layer schemes on tropical cyclone intensification and structural changes in the gray zone. Monthly Weather Review, 149(7):2079-2095, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-20-0297.1 2021
Domingues, R., M. Le Henaff, G. Halliwell, J.A. Zhang, F. Bringas, P. Chardon, H.-S. Kim, J. Morell, and G. Goni. Ocean conditions and the intensification of three major Atlantic hurricanes of 2017. Monthly Weather Review, 149(5):1265-1286, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-20-0100.1 2021
Gopalakrishnan, S., A. Hazelton, and J.A. Zhang. Improving hurricane boundary layer parameterization scheme based on observations. Earth and Space Science, 8(3):e2020EA001422 , https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EA001422 2021
Huang, J., Z. Zou, Q. Zeng, P. Li, J. Song, L. Wu, J.A. Zhang, S. Li, and P-W. Chan. The turbulent structure of the marine atmospheric boundary layer during and before a cold front. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78(3):863-875, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0314.1 2021
Kalina, E.A., M.K. Biswas, J.A. Zhang, and K.M. Newman. Sensitivity of an idealized tropical cyclone to the configuration of the Global Forecast System–eddy diffusivity mass flux planetary boundary layer scheme. Atmosphere, 12(2):284, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020284 2021
Le Hénaff, M., R. Domingues, G. Halliwell, J.A. Zhang, H.-S. Kim, M. Aristizabal, T. Miles, S. Glenn, and G. Goni. The role of the Gulf of Mexico ocean conditions in the intensification of Hurricane Michael (2018). Journal of Geophysical Research–Oceans, 126(5):e2020JC016969, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016969 2021
Lin, I.-I., R.F. Rogers, H.-C. Huang, Y.-C. Liao, D. Herndon, J.-Y. Yu, Y.-T. Chang, J.A. Zhang, C.M. Patricola, I.-F. Pun, and C.-C. Lien. A tale of two rapidly-intensifying supertyphoons: Hagibis (2019) and Haiyan (2013). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 102(9):E1645-E1664, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0223.1 2021
Miles, T.N., D. Zhang, G.R. Foltz, J.A. Zhang, C. Meinig, F. Bringas, J. Trinanes, M. Le Henaff, M.F. Aristizabal Vargas, S. Coakley, C.R. Edwards, D. Gong, R.E. Todd, M.J. Oliver, W.D. Wilson, K. Whilden, B. Kirkpatrick, P. Chardon-Maldonado, J.M. Morell, D. Hernandez, G. Kuska, C.D. Stienbarger, K. Bailey, C. Zhang, S.M. Glenn, and G.J. Goni. Uncrewed ocean gliders and saildrones support hurricane forecasting and research. Oceanography 34(4):78-81, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02 2021
Tang, J., J.A. Zhang, P. Chan, K. Hon, X. Lei, and Y. Wang. A direct aircraft observation of helical rolls in the tropical cyclone boundary layer. Scientific Reports, 11:18771, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97766-7 2021
Wadler, J.B., D.S. Nolan, J.A. Zhang, and L.K. Shay. Thermodynamic characteristics of downdrafts in tropical cyclones as seen in idealized simulations of different intensities. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78(11):3503-3524, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-21-0006.1 2021
Wadler, J.B., J.A. Zhang, R.F. Rogers, B. Jaimes, and L.K. Shay. The rapid intensification of Hurricane Michael (2018): Storm structure and the relationship to environmental and air-sea interactions. Monthly Weather Review, 149(1):245-267, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-20-0145.1 2021
Wang, X., H. Jiang, X. Li, and J.A. Zhang. Observed shear-relative rainfall asymmetries associated with landfalling tropical cyclones. Advances in Meteorology, 2021:4676713, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4676713 2021
Zhang, B., Z. Zhu, W. Perrie, J. Tang, and J.A. Zhang. Estimating tropical cyclone wind structure and intensity from spaceborne radiometer and synthetic aperture radar. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 14:4043-4050, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3065866 2021
Zhang, G., X. Li, W. Perrie, and J.A. Zhang. Tropical cyclone winds and inflow angle asymmetry from SAR imagery. Geophysical Research Letters, 48(20):e2021GL095699, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095699 2021
Zhang, Z., J.A. Zhang, G.J. Alaka, Jr., K. Wu, A. Mehra, and V. Tallapragada. A statistical analysis of high frequency track and intensity forecasts from NOAA’s Operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecast (HWRF) modeling system. Monthly Weather Review, 149(10):3325-3339, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-21-0021.1 2021
Alford, A.A., J.A. Zhang, M.I. Biggerstaff, P. Dodge, F.D. Marks, and D.J. Bodine. Transition of the hurricane boundary layer during the landfall of Hurricane Irene (2011). Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 77(10):3509-3531, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0290.1 2020
Biswas, M.K., J.A. Zhang, E. Grell, E. Kalina, K. Newman, L. Bernardet, L. Carson, J. Frimel, and G. Grell. Evaluation of the Grell-Freitas convective scheme in the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model. Weather and Forecasting, 35(3):1017-1033, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-19-0124.1 2020
Chen, S., F. Qiao, J.A. Zhang, H. Ma, Y. Xue, and S. Chen. Swell modulation on wind stress in the constant flux layer. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(20):e2020GL089883, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL089883 2020
Cione, J.J., G.H. Bryan, R. Dobosy, J.A. Zhang, G. de Boer, A. Aksoy, J.B. Wadler, E.A. Kalina, B.A. Dahl, K. Ryan, J. Neuhaus, E. Dumas, F.D. Marks, A.M. Farber, T. Hock, and X. Chen. Eye of the storm: Observing hurricanes with a small Unmanned Aircraft System. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 101(2):E186-E205, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0169.1 2020
Fan, S., B. Zhang, A.A. Mouche, W. Perrie, and J.A. Zhang. Estimation of wind direction in tropical cyclones using C-band dual-polarization synthetic aperture radar. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 58(2):1450-1462, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2946885 2020
Hazelton, A.T., X. Zhang, S. Gopalakrishnan, W. Ramstrom, F. Marks, and J.A. Zhang. High-resolution ensemble HFV3 forecasts of Hurricane Michael (2018): Rapid intensification in shear. Monthly Weather Review, 148(5):2009-2032, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-19-0275.1 2020
Pan, X., M. Dresner, B. Mantin, and J.A. Zhang. Pre-hurricane consumer stockpiling and post-hurricane product availability: Empirical evidence from natural experiments. Production and Operations Management, 29(10):2350-2380, https://doi.org/10.1111/poms13230 2020
Ren, Y., J.A. Zhang, J.L. Vigh, P. Zhu, H. Liu, X. Wang, and J.B. Wadler. An observational study of the symmetric boundary layer structure and tropical cyclone intensity. Atmosphere, 11(2):158, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020158 2020
Wang, X., H. Jiang, J.A. Zhang, and K Peng. Satellite-observed warm-core structure in relation to tropical cyclone intensity change. Atmospheric Research, 240:104931, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104931 2020
Zhang, J.A., E.A. Kalina, M.K. Biswas, R.F. Rogers, P. Zhu, and F.D. Marks. A review and evaluation of planetary boundary layer parameterizations in Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model using idealized simulations and observations. Atmosphere, 11(10):1091, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101091 2020
Zhang, J.A., J.P. Dunion, and D.S. Nolan. In situ observations of the diurnal variation in the boundary layer of mature hurricanes. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(3):e2019GL086206, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086206 2020
Zhao, Z., P.W. Chan, N. Wu, J.A. Zhang, and K.K. Hon. Aircraft observations of turbulent characteristics in the tropical cyclone boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 174(3):493-511, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-019-00487-8 2020
Zou, Z., S. Li, J. Huang, P. Li, J. Song, J.A. Zhang, and Z. Wan. Atmospheric boundary layer turbulence in the presence of swell: Turbulent kinetic energy budget, Monin-Obukhov similarity theory and inertial dissipation method. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 50(5):1213-1225, https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0136.1 2020
Ahren, K., M.A. Bourassa, R.E. Hart, J.A. Zhang, and R.F. Rogers. Observed kinematic and thermodynamic structure in the hurricane boundary layer during intensity change. Monthly Weather Review, 147(8):2765-2785, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-18-0380.1 2019
Chen, X., J.A. Zhang, and F.D. Marks. A thermodynamic pathway leading to rapid intensification of tropical cyclones in shear. Geophysical Research Letters, 46(15):9241-9251, doi:10.1029/2019GL083667 2019
Domingues, R., A. Kuwano-Yoshida, P. Chardon-Maldonado, R.E. Todd, G. Halliwell, H.-S. Kim, I.-I. Lin, K. Sato, T. Narazaki, L.K. Shay, T. Miles, S. Glenn, J.A. Zhang, S.R. Jayne, L. Centurioni, M. Le Henaff, G. Foltz, F. Bringas, M.M. Ali, S.F. DiMarco, S. Hosoda, T. Fukuoka, B. LaCour, A. Mehra, E.R. Sanabia, J.R. Gyakum, J. Dong, J.A. Knaff, and G. Goni. Ocean observations in support of studies and forecasts of tropical and extratropical cyclones. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6:446, doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00446 2019
Mayer, D.A., J.A. Zhang, and R.H. Weisberg. Surface layer turbulence parameters derived from 1-s wind observations on the West Florida Shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 124(4):1992-2007, doi:10.1029/2018JD029392 2019
Molinari, J., J.A. Zhang, R.F. Rogers, and D. Vollaro. Repeated eyewall replacement cycles in Hurricane Frances (2004). Monthly Weather Review, 147(6):2009-2022, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-18-0345.1 2019
Nguyen, L.T., R. Rogers, J. Zawislak, and J.A. Zhang. Assessing the influence of convective downdrafts and surface enthalpy fluxes on tropical cyclone intensity change in moderate vertical wind shear. Monthly Weather Review, 147(10):3519-3534, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-18-0461.1 2019
Ren, Y., J.A. Zhang, S.R. Guimond, and X. Wang. Hurricane boundary layer height relative to storm motion from GPS dropsonde composites. Atmosphere, 10(6):339, doi:10.3390/atmos10060339 2019
Rogers, R.F., C.S. Velden, J. Zawislak, and J.A. Zhang. Tropical cyclones and hurricanes: Observations. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, 25 pp., https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.12065-2 2019
Smith, A.W., B.K. Haus, and J.A. Zhang. Stability and sea state as limiting conditions for TKE dissipation and dissipative heating. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 76(3):689-706, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-18-0142.1 2019
Sun, Z., B. Zhang, J.A. Zhang, and W. Perrie. Examination of surface wind asymmetry in tropical cyclones over the northwest Pacific Ocean using SMAP observations. Remote Sensing, 11(22):2604, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222604 2019
Zhang, J.A., and R.F. Rogers. Effects of parameterized boundary layer structure on hurricane rapid intensification in shear. Monthly Weather Review, 147(3):853-871, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-18-0010.1 2019
Zhu, P., B. Tyner, J.A. Zhang, E. Aligo, S. Gopalakrishnan, F.D. Marks, A. Mehra, and V. Tallapragada. Role of eyewall and rainband eddy forcing in tropical cyclone intensification. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(22):14,289-14,310, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14289-2019 2019
Zou, Z., J. Song, P. Li, J. Huang, J.A. Zhang, Z. Wan, and S. Li. Effects of swell waves on atmospheric boundary layer turbulence: A low wind field study. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 124(8)5671-5685, doi:10.1029/2019JC015153 2019
Bucci, L.R., C. O’Handley, G.D. Emmitt, J.A. Zhang, K. Ryan, and R. Atlas. Validation of an airborne Doppler wind lidar in tropical cyclones. Sensors, 18(12):4288, doi:10.3390/s18124288 2018
Dougherty, E.M., J. Molinari, R.F. Rogers, J.A. Zhang, and J.P. Kossin. Hurricane Bonnie (1998): Maintaining intensity during high vertical wind shear and an eyewall replacement cycle. Monthly Weather Review, 146(10):3383-3399, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-18-0030.1 2018
Guimond, S.R., J.A. Zhang, J.W. Sapp, and S.J. Frasier. Coherent turbulence in the boundary layer of Hurricane Rita (2005) during an eyewall replacement cycle. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 75(9):3071-3093, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-17-0347.1 2018
Huang, L., X. Li, B. Liu, J.A. Zhang, D. Shen, Z. Zhang, and W. Yu. Tropical cyclone boundary layer rolls in synthetic aperture radar imagery. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 123(4):2981-2996, doi:10.1029/2018JC013755 2018
Leighton, H., S. Gopalakrishnan, J.A. Zhang, R.F. Rogers, Z. Zhang, and V. Tallapragada. Azimuthal distribution of deep convection, environmental factors and tropical cyclone rapid intensification: A perspective from HWRF ensemble forecasts of Hurricane Edouard (2014). Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 75(1):275-295, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-17-0171.1 2018
Ming, J., and J.A. Zhang. Direct measurements of momentum flux and dissipative heating in the surface layer of tropical cyclones during landfalls. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 123(10):4926-4938, doi:10.1029/2017JD028076 2018
Tang, J., J.A. Zhang, C. Kieu, and F.D. Marks. Sensitivity of hurricane intensity and structure to two types of planetary boundary layer parameterization schemes in idealized HWRF simulations. Tropical Cyclone Research and Review, 7(4):201-211, doi:10.6057/2018TCRR04.01 2018
Tang, J., J.A. Zhang, S.D. Aberson, F.D. Marks, and X. Lei. Multilevel tower observations of vertical eddy diffusivity and mixing length in the tropical cyclone boundary layer during landfalls. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 75(9):3159-3168, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-17-0353.1 2018
Wadler, J.B., J.A. Zhang, B. Jaimes, and L.K. Shay. Downdrafts and the evolution of boundary layer thermodynamics in Hurricane Earl (2010) before and during rapid intensification. Monthly Weather Review, 146(11):3545-3565, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-18-0090.1 2018
Zhang, J.A., F.D. Marks, J.A. Sippel, R.F. Rogers, X. Zhang, S.G. Gopalakrishnan, Z. Zhang, and V. Tallapragada. Evaluating the impact of improvement in the horizontal diffusion parameterization on hurricane prediction in the operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model. Weather and Forecasting, 33(1):317-329, doi:10.1175/WAF-D-17-0097.1 2018
Zhang, J.A., R. Atlas, G.D. Emmitt, L. Bucci, and K. Ryan. Airborne Doppler wind lidar observations of the tropical cyclone boundary layer. Remote Sensing, 10(6):825, doi:10.3390/rs10060825 2018
Zou, Z., D. Zhao, J.A. Zhang, S. Li, Y. Cheng, H. Lv, and X. Ma. Influence of swell on the atmospheric boundary layer under nonneutral conditions. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 48(4):925-936, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-17-0195.1 2018
Aberson, S.D., J.A. Zhang, and K. Nunez-Ocasio. An extreme event in the eyewall of Hurricane Felix on 2 September 2007. Monthly Weather Review, 145(6):2083-2092, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0364.1 2017
Aksoy, A., J.A. Zhang, B.W. Klotz, E.W. Uhlhorn, and J.J. Cione. Axisymmetric initialization of the atmosphere and ocean for idealized coupled hurricane simulations. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 9(7):2672-2695, doi:10.1002/2017MS000977 2017
Atlas, R., G.D. Emmitt, L. Bucci, K. Ryan, and J.A. Zhang. Application of Doppler wind lidar observations to hurricane analysis and prediction. Proceedings, SPIE Symposium on Lidar Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring, San Diego, CA, August 6-10, 2017. International Society for Optics and Photonics, SPIE Vol. 10406, 8 pp., 2017
Bryan, G.H., R.P. Worsnop, J.K. Lundquist, and J.A. Zhang. A simple method for simulating wind profiles in the boundary layer of tropical cyclones. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 162(3):475-502, doi:10.1007/s10546-016-0207-0 2017
Jin S., S. Wang, X. Li, L. Jiao, and J.A. Zhang. Tropical cyclone center location in SAR images based on feature learning and visual saliency. In Hurricane Monitoring with Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar, X. Li (ed.). Springer Singapore, 141-181, doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2893-9_8 2017
Jin, S., S. Wang, X. Li, L. Jiao, J.A. Zhang, and D. Shen. A salient region detection and pattern matching-based algorithm for center detection of a partially covered tropical cyclone in a SAR image. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 55(1):280-291, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2016.2605766 2017
Nolan, D.S., and J.A. Zhang. Spiral gravity waves radiating from tropical cyclones. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(8):3924-3931, doi:10.1002/2017GL073572 2017
Rogers, R.F., P.D. Reasor, and J.A. Zhang. Reply to "Comments on 'Multiscale structure and evolution of Hurricane Earl (2010) during rapid intensification.'” Monthly Weather Review, 145(4):1573-1575, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0414.1 2017
Smith, R.K., J.A. Zhang, and M.T. Montgomery. The dynamics of intensification in an HWRF simulation of Hurricane Earl (2010). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 143(702):293-308, doi:10.1002/qj.2922 2017
Tyner, B., P. Zhu, J.A. Zhang, S. Gopalakrishnan, F. Marks, and V. Tallapragada. A top-down pathway to secondary eyewall formation in simulated tropical cyclones. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 123(1):174-197, doi:10.1002/2017JD027410 2017
Worsnop, R.P., G.H. Bryan, J.K. Lundquist, and J.A. Zhang. Using large-eddy simulations to define spectral and coherence characteristics of the hurricane boundary layer for wind-energy applications. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 165(1):55-86, doi:10.1007/s10546-017-0266x 2017
Zhang, G., W. Perrie, X. Li, and J.A. Zhang. A hurricane morphology and surface wind vector estimation model for C-band cross-polarization SAR. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 55(3):1743-1751, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2016.2631663 2017
Zhang, J.A., and X. Li. Tropical cyclone multiscale wind features from spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. In Hurricane Monitoring with Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar, X. Li (ed.). Springer Singapore, 25-39, doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2893-9_2 2017
Zhang, J.A., J J. Cione, E.A. Kalina, E.W. Uhlhorn, T. Hock, and J.A. Smith. Observations of infrared sea surface temperature and air-sea interaction in Hurricane Edouard (2014) using GPS dropsondes. Journal of Oceanic and Atmospheric Technology, 34(6):1333-1349, doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-16-0211.1 2017
Zhang, J.A., R.F. Rogers, and V. Tallapragada. Impact of parameterized boundary layer structure on tropical cyclone rapid intensification forecasts in HWRF. Monthly Weather Review, 145(4):1413-1426, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0129.1 2017
Zou, Z., D. Zhao, B. Liu, J.A. Zhang, and J. Huang. Observation-based parameterization of air-sea fluxes in terms of the wind speed and atmospheric stability under low-to-moderate wind conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(5):4123-4142, doi:10.1002/2016JC012399 2017
Atlas, R., G.D. Emmitt, L. Bucci, K. Ryan, and J.A. Zhang. Impact of Doppler wind lidar data on hurricane prediction. Proceedings, 18th Coherent Laser Radar Conference, Boulder, CO, June 27-July 1, 2016. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, 4 pp., 2016
Mai, M., B. Zhang, X. Li, P.A. Hwang, and J.A. Zhang. Application of AMSR-E and AMSR2 low frequency channel brightness temperature data for hurricane wind retrievals. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 54(8):4501-4512, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2016.2543502 2016
Ming, J., and J.A. Zhang. Effects of surface flux parameterization on numerically simulated intensity and structure of Typhoon Morakot (2009). Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 33(1):58-72, doi:10.1007/s00376-015-4202-z 2016
Rogers, R.F., J.A. Zhang, J. Zawislak, H. Jiang, G.R. Alvey, E.J. Zipser, and S.N. Stevenson. Observations of the structure and evolution of Hurricane Edouard (2014) during intensity change, Part II: Kinematic structure and the distribution of deep convection. Monthly Weather Review, 144(9):3355-3376, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0017.1 2016
Zawislak, J., H. Jiang, G.R. Alvey, E.J. Zipser, R.F. Rogers, J.A. Zhang, and S.N. Stevenson. Observations of the structure and evolution of Hurricane Edouard (2014) during intensity change, Part 1: Relationship between the thermodynamic structure and precipitation. Monthly Weather Review, 144(9):3333-3354, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0018-1 2016
Zhang, R., J. Huang, X. Wang, J.A. Zhang, and F. Huang. Effects of precipitation on sonic anemometer measurements of turbulent fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer. Journal of Ocean University of China, 15(3):389-398, doi:10.1007/s11802-016-2804-4 2016
Kaplan, J., C.M. Rozoff, M. DeMaria, C.R. Sampson, J.P. Kossin, C.S. Velden, J.J. Cione, J.P. Dunion, J.A. Knaff, J.A. Zhang, J.F. Dostalek, J.D. Hawkins, T.F. Lee, and J.E. Solbrig. Evaluating environmental impacts on tropical cyclone rapid intensification predictability utilizing statistical models. Weather and Forecasting, 30(5):1374-1396, doi:10.1175/WAF-D-15-0032.1 2015
Li, X., X. Yang, W. Zheng, J.A. Zhang, L.J. Pietrafesa, and W.G. Pichel. Synergistic use of satellite observations and numerical weather model to study atmospheric occluded fronts. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 53(9):5269-5279, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2015.2420312 2015
Ming, J., J.A. Zhang, and R.F. Rogers. Typhoon kinematic and thermodynamic boundary layer structure from dropsonde composites. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 120(8):3158-3172, doi:10.1002/2014JD022640 2015
Rogers, R.F., P.D. Reasor, and J.A. Zhang. Multiscale structure and evolution of Earl (2010) during rapid intensification. Monthly Weather Review, 143(2):536-562, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-14-00175.1 2015
Tang, J., D. Byrne, J.A. Zhang, Y. Wang, X. Lei, D. Wu, P. Fang, and B. Zhao. Horizontal transition of turbulent cascade in the near-surface layer of tropical cyclones. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 72(12):4915-4925, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-14-0373.1 2015
Wang, J., K. Young, T. Hock, D. Lauritsen, D. Behringer, M. Black, P.G. Black, J. Franklin, J. Halverson, J. Molinari, L. Nguyen, T. Reale, J. Smith, B. Sun, Q. Wang, and J.A. Zhang. A long-term, high-quality, high vertical resolution GPS dropsonde dataset for hurricane and other studies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(6):961-973, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-13.00203.1 2015
Zhang, J.A., and F.D. Marks. Effects of horizontal diffusion on tropical cyclone intensity change and structure in idealized three-dimensional numerical simulations. Monthly Weather Review, 143(10):3981-3995, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-14-00341.1 2015
Zhang, J.A., D.S. Nolan, R.F. Rogers, and V. Tallapragada. Evaluating the impact of improvements in the boundary layer parameterization on hurricane intensity and structure forecasts in HWRF. Monthly Weather Review, 143(8):3136-3155, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-14-00339.1 2015
Zhu, P., Z. Zhu, S. Gopalakrishnan, R. Black, F.D. Marks, V. Tallapragada, J.A. Zhang, X. Zhang, and C. Gao. Impact of subgrid-scale processes on eyewall replacement cycle of tropical cyclones in HWRF system. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(22):10027-10036, doi:10.1002/2015GL066436 2015
Gall, R., F. Toepfer, F. Marks, E.N. Rappaport, A. Aksoy, S. Aberson, J.W. Bao, M. Bender, S. Benjamin, L. Bernardet, M. Biswas, B. Brown, J. Cangialosi, C. Davis, M. DeMaria, J. Doyle, M. Fiorino, J. Franklin, I. Ginis, S. Gopalakrishnan, T. Hamill, R. Hodur, H.S. Kim, J. Knaff, T. Krishnamurti, P. Kucera, Y. Kwon, W. Lapenta, N. Lett, S. Lord, T. Marchok, E. Mifflin, M. Morin, K. Musgrave, L. Nance, C. Reynolds, V. Tallapragada, H. Tolman, R. Torn, G. Vandenberghe, T. Vukicevic, X. Wang, Y. Weng, J. Whittaker, R. Yablonsky, D.-L. Zhang, F. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Zhang, and D.A. Delinsky. Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project: 2013 HFIP R&D activities summary—Recent results and operational implementation. HFIP Technical Report, HFIP2014-2, 50 pp., 2014
Ming, J., J.A. Zhang, R.F. Rogers, F.D. Marks, Y. Wang, and N. Cai. Multiplatform observations of boundary layer structure in the outer rainbands of landfalling typhoons. Journal of the Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 119(13):7799-7814, doi:10.1002/2014JD021637 2014
Montgomery, M.T., J.A. Zhang, and R.K. Smith. An analysis of the observed low-level structure of rapidly intensifying and mature Hurricane Earl (2010). Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140(684):2132-2146, doi:10.1002/qj.2283 2014
Nolan, D.S., J.A. Zhang, and E.W. Uhlhorn. On the limits of estimating the maximum wind speeds in hurricanes. Monthly Weather Review, 142(8):2814-2837, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-13-00337.1 2014
Shpund, J., J.A. Zhang, M. Pinsky, and A. Khain. Microphysical structure of the marine boundary layer under strong wind and sea spray formation as seen from a 2-D explicit microphysical model. Part III: Parameterization of height-dependent droplet size distribution. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 71(6):1914-1934, doi:10.1175/ JAS-D-12-0201.1 2014
Zhang, B., W. Perrie, J.A. Zhang, E.W. Uhlhorn, and Y. He High-resolution hurricane vector winds from C-band dual-polarization SAR observations. Journal of Oceanic and Atmospheric Technology, 31(2):272-286, doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00006.1 2014
Zhang, J.A., M.T. Montgomery, F.D. Marks, and R.K. Smith. Comments on “Symmetric and asymmetric structures of hurricane boundary layer in coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean models and observations.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 71(7):2782-2785, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-13-0207.1 2014
Byrne, D., and J.A. Zhang. Height-dependent transition from 3-D to 2-D turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer. Geophysical Research Letters, 40(7):1439-1442, doi:10.1002/grl.50335 2013
Cione, J.J., E.A. Kalina, J.A. Zhang, and E.W. Uhlhorn. Observations of air-sea interaction and intensity change in hurricanes. Monthly Weather Review, 141(7):2368-2382, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-12-00070.1 2013
Gopalakrishnan, S.G., F. Marks, J.A. Zhang, X. Zhang, J.-W. Bao, and V. Tallapragada. A study of the impacts of vertical diffusion on the structure and intensity of tropical cyclones using the high resolution HWRF system. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 70(2):524-541, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-11-0340.1 2013
Li, X., J.A. Zhang, X. Yang, W.G. Pichel, M. DeMaria, D. Long, and Z. Li. Tropical cyclone morphology from spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 94(2):215-230, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00211.1 2013
Li, X., W. Zheng, X. Yang, J.A. Zhang, W.G. Pichel, and Z. Li. Coexistence of atmospheric gravity waves and boundary layer rolls observed by SAR. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 70(11):3448-3459, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-12-0347.1 2013
Rogers, R.F., S.D. Aberson, A. Aksoy, B. Annane, M. Black, J.J. Cione, N. Dorst, J. Dunion, J.F. Gamache, S.B. Goldenberg, S.G. Gopalakrishnan, J. Kaplan, B.W. Klotz, S. Lorsolo, F.D. Marks, S.T. Murillo, M.D. Powell, P.D. Reasor, K.J. Sellwood, E.W. Uhlhorn, T. Vukicevic, J.A. Zhang, and X. Zhang. NOAA’s Hurricane Intensity Forecasting Experiment (IFEX): A progress report. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 94(6):859-882, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00089 2013
Zhang, J.A., R.F. Rogers, P.D. Reasor, E.W. Uhlhorn, and F.D. Marks. Asymmetric hurricane boundary layer structure from dropsonde composites in relation to the environmental vertical wind shear. Monthly Weather Review, 141(11):3968-3984, doi:10.1175/MWF-D-12-00335.1 2013
Shpund, J., J.A. Zhang, M. Pinsky, and A. Khain. Microphysical structure of the marine boundary layer under strong wind and spray formation as seen from simulations using a two-dimensional explicit microphysical model, Part II: The role of sea spray. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 69(12):3501-3514, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-11-0281.1 2012
Zhang, J.A., and E.W. Uhlhorn. Hurricane sea surface inflow angle and an observation-based parametric model. Monthly Weather Review, 140(11):3587-3605, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-11-00339.1 2012
Zhang, J.A., and M.T. Montgomery. Observational estimates of the horizontal eddy diffusivity and mixing length in the low-level region of intense hurricanes. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 69(4):1306-1316, doi:100.1175/JAS-D-11-0180.1 2012
Zhang, J.A., and W.M. Drennan. An observational study of vertical eddy diffusivity in the hurricane boundary layer. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 69(11):3223-3236, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-11-0348.1 2012
Zhang, J.A., S. Gopalakrishnan, F.D. Marks, R.F. Rogers, and V. Tallapragada. A developmental framework for improving hurricane model physical parameterizations using aircraft observations. Tropical Cyclone Research and Review, 1(4):419-429, doi:10.6057/2012TCRR04.01 2012
Zhang, J.A., F.D. Marks, M.T. Montgomery, and S. Lorsolo. An estimation of turbulent characteristics in the low-level region of intense Hurricanes Allen (1980) and Hugo (1989). Monthly Weather Review, 139(5):1447-1462, doi:10.1175/ 2010MWR3435.1 2011
Zhang, J.A., P. Zhu, F.J. Masters, R.F. Rogers, and F.D. Marks. On momentum transport and dissipative heating during hurricane landfalls. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 68(6):1397-1404, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-10-05018.1 2011
Zhang, J.A., R.F. Rogers, D.S. Nolan, and F.D. Marks. On the characteristic height scales of the hurricane boundary layer. Monthly Weather Review, 139(8):2523-2535, doi:10.1175/MWR-D-10-05017.1 2011
Haus, B.K., D. Jeong, M.A. Donelan, J.A. Zhang, and I. Savelyev. Relative rates of sea-air heat transfer and frictional drag in very high winds. Geophysical Research Letters, 37(7):L07802, 5 pp., doi:10.1029/2009GL042206 2010
Lorsolo, S., F.D. Marks, J.F. Gamache, and J.A. Zhang. Estimation and mapping of hurricane turbulent energy using airborne Doppler measurements. Monthly Weather Review, 138(9):3656-3670, doi:10.1175/2010MWR3183.1 2010
Zhang, J.A. Estimation of dissipative heating using low-level in-situ aircraft observations in the hurricane boundary layer. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 67(6):1853-1862, doi:10.1175/2010JAS3397.1 2010
Zhang, J.A. Spectral characteristics of turbulence in the hurricane boundary layer over ocean between the outer rainbands. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 136(649):918-926, doi:10.1002/qj.610 2010
Zhu, P., J.A. Zhang, and F.J. Masters. Wavelet analyses of turbulence in the hurricane surface layer during landfalls. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 67(12):3793-3805, doi:10.1175/2010JAS3437.1 2010
Nolan, D.S., J.A. Zhang, and D.P. Stern. Evaluation of planetary boundary layer parameterizations in tropical cyclones by comparison of in-situ observations and high-resolution simulations of Hurricane Isabel (2003), Part I: Initialization, maximum winds, and the outer core boundary layer. Monthly Weather Review, 137(11):3651-3674, doi:10.1175/2009MWR2785.1 2009
Nolan, S.D., D.P. Stern, and J.A. Zhang. Evaluation of planetary boundary layer parameterizations in tropical cyclones by comparison of in-situ observations and high-resolution simulations of Hurricane Isabel (2003), Part II: Inner-core boundary layer and eyewall structure. Monthly Weather Review, 137(11):3675-3698, doi:10.1175/2009MWR2786.1 2009
Zhang, J.A., W.M. Drennan, P.G. Black, and J.R. French. Turbulence structure of the hurricane boundary layer between the outer rain bands. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 66(8):2455-2467, doi:10.1175/2009JAS2954.1 2009
Lorsolo, S., J. Gamache, F. Marks, P. Dodge, and J.A. Zhang. Characterization of hurricane turbulence using airborne Doppler measurements. Extended Abstracts, 28th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Orlando, FL, April 28-May 2, 2008. American Meteorological Society, Boston, 4 pp., 2008
Zhang, J.A., K.B. Katsaros, P.G. Black, S. Lehner, J.R. French, and W.M. Drennan. Effects of roll vortices on turbulent fluxes in the hurricane boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 128(2):173-189, doi:10.1007/s10546-008-9281-2 2008
Zhang, J.A., P.G. Black, J.R. French, and W.M. Drennan. First direct measurements of enthalpy flux in the hurricane boundary layer: The CBLAST results. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(11):L14813, 4 pp., doi:10.1029/2008GL034374 2008
Black, P.G., E.A. D'Asaro, W.M. Drennan, J.R. French, P.P. Niiler, T.B. Sanford, E.J. Terrill, E.J. Walsh, and J.A. Zhang. Air-sea exchange in hurricanes: Synthesis of observations from the Coupled Boundary Layer Air-Sea Transfer Experiment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 88(3):357-374, doi:10.1175/BAMS-88-3-357 2007
Drennen, W.M., J.A. Zhang, J.F. French, C. McCormick, and P.G. Black. Turbulent fluxes in the hurricane boundary layer, Part II: Latent heat flux. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(4):1103-1115, doi:10.1175/JAS3889.1 2007
French, J.F., W.M. Drennan, J.A. Zhang, and P.G. Black. Turbulent fluxes in the hurricane boundary layer, Part I: Momentum flux. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(4):1089-1102, doi:10.1175/JAS3887.1 2007
French, J.R., W.M. Drennan, J.A. Zhang, and P.G. Black. Direct airborne measurements of momentum flux in hurricanes. Preprints, 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Monterey, CA, April 24-28, 2006. American Meteorological Society, Boston, 6 pp. (CD-ROM), 2006

Awards and Honors


2015	NASA Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel Group Achievement Award for HS3	NASA

2015	University of Miami Gold Medal equivalent to NOAA Gold Medal	University of Miami

2011	NOAA Outstanding Research Paper Award	NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory

2008-2010	Postdoctoral Research Associate Fellowship	National Research Council

2002-2005	University of Miami Fellowship	University of Miami

1999-2000	Bao Gang Fellowship	Shanghai Baogang Fellowship Sponsor

1996-1999	First Prize Scholarship	Dalian University of Technology

Curriculum Vitae

HRD Blog Entries

Jun A. Zhang