Sullivan, Kevin NOAA/AOML CIMAS

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Fl 33149

(305) 361-4382 kevin.sullivan@noaa.gov Wanninkhof, Rik NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149

305-361-4379 Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov Pierrot, Denis NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149

305-361-4441 Denis.Pierrot@noaa.gov NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program 20160623 20160623 GU1603 Leg2 Research Cruise Ship Equilibrator-IR or CRDS or GC 33GG20160422 AOML_SOOP_CO2, Northern Right Whale Survey -76.0 -70.6 41.6 34.3 20160422 20160427 Charleston, SC Woods Hole, MA R/V Gordon Gunter 33GG NOAA xCO2_EQU_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature (ppm) ppm xCO2_ATM_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air (ppm) ppm xCO2_ATM_interpolated_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 in outside air associated with each water analysis. These values are interpolated between the bracketing averaged good xCO2_ATM analyses (ppm) ppm PRES_EQU_hPa Barometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace (hPa) hPa PRES_ATM@SSP_hPa Barometric pressure measured outside, corrected to sea level (hPa) hPa TEMP_EQU_C Water temperature in equilibrator (°C) Degree C SST_C Sea surface temperature (°C) Degree C SAL_permil Sea surface salinity on Practical Salinity Scale (o/oo) ppt fCO2_SW@SST_uatm Fugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity (μatm) μatm fCO2_ATM_interpolated_uatm Fugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 at SST and 100% humidity (μatm) μatm dfCO2_uatm Sea water fCO2 minus interpolated air fCO2 (μatm) μatm WOCE_QC_FLAG Quality control flag for fCO2 values (2=good, 3=questionable) None QC_SUBFLAG Quality control subflag for fCO2 values, provides explanation when QC flag=3 None 5 meters Bow Spray head above dynamic pool, no thermal jacket 0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace) 1.5 - 2.0 L/min 70 - 150 ml/min Yes Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry). Primary equilibrator is vented through a secondary equilibrator. Yes, 5 readings in a group every 3 hours Bow mast, ~18 meters above sea surface Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry). IR LI-COR 7000 Every 140 seconds, except during calibration ± 0.01 μatm in fCO2_SW ± 2 μatm in fCO2_SW ± 0.01 μatm in fCO2_ATM ± 0.5 μatm in fCO2_ATM Std 1: LL100000, 0.00 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.0 hours. Std 2: JA02140, 234.21 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.0 hours. Std 3: JB03296, 382.61 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.0 hours. Std 4: JB03673, 510.35 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~3.0 hours. 3 The analyzer is calibrated every 3 hours with field standards that in turn were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO scale. The zero gas is ultra-high purity air. Instrument is located in an air-conditioned laboratory. Ultra-High Purity air (0.0 ppm CO2) and the high standard gas are used to zero and span the LI-COR analyzer. Pierrot, D., C. Neil, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lueger, T. Johannessen, A. Olsen, R. A. Feely, and C. E. Cosca (2009), Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data reduction routines, Deep-Sea Res II, 56, 512-522. details of CO2 sensing (not required) xco2(dry) In engine room, about 2 m after the seachest, before the SW pumps. Seabird, Inc. SBE 38 0.001 0.0003 Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. Inserted into equilibrator ~5 cm below water level Hart 1521 0.025 0.001 Factory calibration Resolution is taken as Precision. Attached to equilibrator headspace. Setra 270 0.05 0.015 Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision. Next to the bridge, ~15 m above the sea surface water RMYoung 61201 ± 0.5 hPa 0.01 hPa Factory calibration yes Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. In Chem lab, next to CO2 system Seabird SBE 45 ± 0.005 o/oo 0.0002 o/oo Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. The analytical system was not turned on for the first two days of the cruise. The recording of the ship's sensors had configuration problems. Minor gaps in the atmospheric pressure and salinity data were filled by interpolation between good values. The SST as measured by the SBE38 was most often recorded with +/-1 degree Celsius resolution; the truncating of the values was due to poor configuration of parsing protocol. For the analyses with good water flow and full-decimal SBE38 data, the differences between the Equilibrator and SBE38 temperatures were calculated. For the 176 analyses with Equilibrator temperature greater than 20 C, the average difference between the Equilibrator temperature and the SBE38 SST was 0.22 (+/-0.07) degree. For the approximately 260 analyses without full-decimal SBE38 data and SST greater than 20 C, the SST was estimated by subtracting 0.22 from the Equilibrator temperature. For the 388 analyses with Equilibrator temperature less than 20 C, the average difference between the Equilibrator temperature and the SBE38 SST was 0.71 (+/-0.09) degree. For the approximately 660 analyses, the SST was estimated by subtracting 0.71 from the Equilibrator temperature. Original Data Location: http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/ocdweb/gunter/gunter_introduction.html NA underway