Sullivan, Kevin NOAA/AOML CIMAS

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Fl 33149

(305) 361-4382 kevin.sullivan@noaa.gov Wanninkhof, Rik NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149

305-361-4379 Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov Pierrot, Denis NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory

4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149

305-361-4441 Denis.Pierrot@noaa.gov NOAA Climate Program Office 20230127 20230127 RB2205, PNE Research Cruise Ship Equilibrator-IR 33RO20221101 AOML_SOOP_CO2 -71.4 -22.4 41.4 -2.0 20221101 20221209 Bridgetown, Barbados Newport, RI R/V Ronald H. Brown 33RO NOAA xCO2_EQU_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature (ppm) ppm xCO2_ATM_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air (ppm) ppm xCO2_ATM_interpolated_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 in outside air associated with each water analysis. These values are interpolated between the bracketing averaged good xCO2_ATM analyses (ppm) ppm PRES_EQU_hPa Barometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace (hPa) hPa PRES_ATM@SSP_hPa Barometric pressure measured outside, corrected to sea level (hPa) hPa TEMP_EQU_C Water temperature in equilibrator (°C) Degree C SST_C Sea surface temperature (°C) Degree C SAL_permil Sea surface salinity on Practical Salinity Scale (o/oo) ppt fCO2_SW@SST_uatm Fugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity (μatm) μatm fCO2_ATM_interpolated_uatm Fugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 at SST and 100% humidity (μatm) μatm dfCO2_uatm Sea water fCO2 minus interpolated air fCO2 (μatm) μatm WOCE_QC_FLAG Quality control flag for fCO2 values (2=good, 3=questionable) None QC_SUBFLAG Quality control subflag for fCO2 values, provides explanation when QC flag=3 None 5 meters Bow Spray head above dynamic pool, with thermal jacket 0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace) 1.5 - 2.0 L/min 70 - 150 ml/min Yes Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry). Primary equilibrator is vented through a secondary equilibrator. Yes, 5 readings in a group every 3.5 hours Bow tower ~10 m above the sea surface. Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry). IR LI-COR 6262 Every 140 seconds, except during calibration ± 0.01 μatm in fCO2_SW ± 2 μatm in fCO2_SW ± 0.01 μatm in fCO2_ATM ± 0.5 μatm in fCO2_ATM Std 1: CB09731, 232.26 ppm, owned by ESRL, used every ~5.0 hours. Std 2: JB03268, 384.30 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~5.0 hours. Std 3: CC720367, 430.75 ppm, owned by ESRL, used every ~5.0 hours. Std 4: CB11243, 591.87 ppm, owned by ESRL, used every ~5.0 hours. Std 5: LL100000, 0.00 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~20.0 hours. 4 The analyzer is calibrated every 5 hours using field standards that were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO X2019 scale. Ultra-High Purity air (0.0 ppm CO2) and the high standard are used to zero and span the LI-COR analyzer. Instrument is located in an air-conditioned laboratory. Pierrot, D., C. Neil, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lueger, T. Johannessen, A. Olsen, R. A. Feely, and C. E. Cosca (2009), Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data reduction routines, Deep-Sea Res II, 56, 512-522. details of CO2 sensing (not required) xco2(dry) In pipe between inlet and the sea water pump, ~5 m below water line Seabird SBE38 ± 0.001 0.0003 Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. Inserted into equilibrator ~5 cm below water level Hart 1521 ± 0.025 0.01 Factory calibration Resolution is taken as Precision. Attached to equilibrator headspace. Differential pressure reading from Setra 239 attached to the equilibrator headspace is added to the pressure reading from the LICOR, which is measured by an external Setra 270 connected to the exit of the analyzer. Setra 270 ± 0.15 0.015 Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision. On bulkhead exterior on the port side of the radio room aft of the bridge at ~14 m above the sea surface. Vaisala PTB330 ± 0.2 hPa 0.08 hPa Factory calibration yes Manufacturer's resolution is taken as precision. Maintained by ship. ship's TSG in hydro lab close to the CO2 system. Seabird SBE 45 ± 0.005 o/oo 0.0002 o/oo Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision The pCO2 analytical system performed well for this cruise. The flowing seawater system was secured for several intervals (totalling nearly 3 days) when transiting throuugh countries EEZ. The measured SSTemperature by the ship's SBE38 sensor and SSSalinity by the ship's SBE45 sensor were adjusted using relationships between the UW sensors and the in-situ CTD sensors used during 112 casts. The regression equations and estimates of the error in the adjusted values are listed below. More data and discussion of the adjustments are in the supplemental metadata file for this cruise (RB2205). SST(adjusted) = 1.00033 *SBE38-Temp - 0.01104 ; standard deviation of the differences between the CTD SST and the SST(adjusted) is +/- 0.007 degree Celsius (n=107). SSS(adjusted) = 1.01208 *TSG-Salt - 0.39860 ; standard deviation of the differences between the CTD salinities and the SSS(adjusted) is +/- 0.0166 (n=107). Original Data Location: http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/ocdweb/brown/brown_introduction.html . Full unprocessed data files from analytical instrument including flow information and ship's meteorological and TSG data at time of sampling can be obtained upon request. NA underway