Kevin Sullivan NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
305-361-4382 Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.gov Rik Wanninkhof NOAA/AOML
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149
305-361-4379 Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program 2015/05/25 2015/05/25 HB1501 Leg2 Research Cruise 33HH20150323 Spring Bottom Trawl and Acoustic Survey, AOML_SOOP_CO2 North Atlantic -76.2 -70.5 41.5 36.6 20150323 20150403 Norfolk, VA Newport, RI Henry B. Bigelow 33HH NOAA xCO2_EQU_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature (ppm) xCO2_ATM_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air (ppm) xCO2_ATM_interpolated_ppm Mole fraction of CO2 in outside air associated with each water analysis. These values are interpolated between the bracketing averaged good xCO2_ATM analyses (ppm) PRES_EQU_hPa Barometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace (hectopascals) PRES_ATM@SSP_hPa Barometric pressure measured outside, corrected to sea level (hectopascals) TEMP_EQU_C Water temperature in equilibrator (degrees Celsius) SST_C Sea surface temperature (degrees Celsius) SAL_permil Sea surface salinity on Practical Salinity Scale (permil) fCO2_SW@SST_uatm Fugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity (microatmospheres) fCO2_ATM_interpolated_uatm Fugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 at SST and 100% humidity (microatmospheres) dfCO2_uatm Sea water fCO2 minus interpolated air fCO2 (microatmospheres) WOCE_QC_FLAG Quality control flag for fCO2 values (2=good, 3=questionable) QC_SUBFLAG Quality control subflag for fCO2 values, provides explanation when QC flag=3 3 meters Bow Sprayhead above dynamic pool, with thermal jacket 0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace) 1.5 - 2.0 L/min 70 - 150 ml/min Yes Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry). Primary equilibrator is vented through a secondary equilibrator Yes, 5 readings in a group every 3.4 hours Mast above the bridge, ~35 meters above sea surface Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry). Infrared absorption of dry sample gas LI-COR 6262 Every 140 seconds, except during calibration 0.01 microatmosphere ± 1 microatmospheres 0.01 ppm ± 0.2 ppm Scott-Marrin, Inc. - Std 1: JA02645, 204.75 ppm / Std 2: JA02273, 317.49 ppm / Std 3: JB03591, 409.69 ppm / Std 4: JA02647, 518.24 ppm / Std 5: JA03093, 0.00 ppm The analyzer is calibrated every 3.4 hours with field standards that in turn were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO scale. The zero gas is ultra-high purity air. Instrument is located in an air-conditioned laboratory. Ultra-High Purity air (0.0 ppm CO2) and the high standard gas are used to zero and span the LI-COR analyzer. Pierrot, D., C. Neil, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lueger, T. Johannessen, A. Olsen, R. A. Feely, and C. E. Cosca (2009), Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data reduction routines, Deep-Sea Res II, 56, 512-522. After sea water pump, ~3 m below sea surface Seabird SBE-38 ± 0.001 °C 0.00025 °C Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. Inserted into equilibrator ~5 cm below water level Hart 1523 ± 0.015 °C 0.001 °C Factory calibration 0.2 - 0.5 °C Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision. Attached to equilibrator headspace Setra 239 ± 0.052 hPa 0.01 hPa Factory calibration Differential pressure reading from Setra-239 attached to the equilibrator headspace was added to the pressure reading from the Setra-270 on the exit of the analyzer to yield the equilibrator pressure. Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision. On mast above the bridge at ~35 m above sea surface water Vaisala PTB220 ± 0.15 hPa 0.01 hPa Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. In dry lab after a debubbler, next to CO2 system Seabird SBE 45 ± 0.005 permil 0.0002 permil Factory calibration Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. attached to CO2 analyzer exit to lab Setra 270 ± 0.05 hPa 0.015 hPa Factory calibration Pressure reading from the Setra-270 on the exit of the analyzer was added to the differential pressure reading from Setra-239 attached to the equilibrator headspace to yield the equilibrator pressure. The CO2 system behaved well throughout this cruise. Because of the instability of the barometric pressure sensor, the outside atmospheric pressure at sea surface was estimated by subtracting 1.29 mbar from the LICOR pressure. http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/ocdweb/bigelow/bigelow_introduction.html All AOML fCO2 underway data from the R/V Henry B. Bigelow are posted on this site. underway