Kevin SullivanNOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
305-361-4382Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.govRik WanninkhofNOAA/AOML
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149
305-361-4379Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.govNOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program2013/11/292013/12/04HB1304 Legs 1-5Research Cruise33HH20130903Autumn Bottom Trawl and Acoustics Survey, AOML_SOOP_CO2North Atlantic-75.9-65.745.034.42013090320131119Newport, RIBoston, MAEastport, MEPortland, MEHenry B. Bigelow33HHNOAAxCO2_EQU_ppmMole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature (ppm)xCO2_ATM_ppmMole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air (ppm)xCO2_ATM_interpolated_ppmMole fraction of CO2 in outside air associated with each water analysis. These values are interpolated between the bracketing averaged good xCO2_ATM analyses (ppm)PRES_EQU_hPaBarometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace (hectopascals)PRES_ATM@SSP_hPaBarometric pressure measured outside, corrected to sea level (hectopascals)TEMP_EQU_CWater temperature in equilibrator (degrees Celsius)SST_CSea surface temperature (degrees Celsius)SAL_permilSea surface salinity on Practical Salinity Scale (permil)fCO2_SW@SST_uatmFugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity (microatmospheres)fCO2_ATM_interpolated_uatmFugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 at SST and 100% humidity (microatmospheres)dfCO2_uatmSea water fCO2 minus interpolated air fCO2 (microatmospheres)WOCE_QC_FLAGQuality control flag for fCO2 values (2=good, 3=questionable)QC_SUBFLAGQuality control subflag for fCO2 values, provides explanation when QC flag=33 metersBowSprayhead above dynamic pool, with thermal jacket0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace)1.5 - 2.0 L/min70 - 150 ml/minYesGas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).Primary equlibrator is vented through a secondary equilibratorYes, 5 readings in a group every 4.3 hoursMast above the bridge, ~35 meters above sea surfaceGas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).Infrared absorption of dry sample gasLI-COR6262Every 140 seconds, except during calibration 0.01 microatmosphere± 1 microatmospheres0.01 ppm± 0.2 ppmScott-Marrin, Inc. -
Std 1: JA02645, 204.75 ppm /
Std 2: JA02273, 317.49 ppm /
Std 3: JA02285, 372.23 ppm /
Std 4: JA02647, 518.24 ppm /
Std 5: JA03093, 0.00 ppmThe analyzer is calibrated every 4.3 hours with field standards that in turn were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO scale. The zero gas is ultra-high purity air.Instrument is located in an air-conditioned laboratory. Ultra-High Purity air (0.0 ppm CO2) and the high standard gas are used to zero and span the LI-COR analyzer.Pierrot, D., C. Neil, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lueger, T. Johannson, A. Olsen, R. A. Feely, and C. E. Cosca (2009), Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data reduction routines, Deep-Sea Res II, 56, 512-522.After sea water pump, ~3 m below sea surfaceSeabirdSBE-38± 0.001 °C0.00025 °CFactory calibrationManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.Inserted into equilibrator ~5 cm below water levelHart1523± 0.015 °C0.001 °CFactory calibration0.2 - 0.5 °CManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision.Attached to equilibrator headspaceSetra239± 0.052 hPa0.01 hPaFactory calibrationDifferential pressure reading from Setra-239 attached to the equilibrator headspace was added to the pressure reading from the Setra-270 on the exit of the analyzer to yield the equlibrator pressure. Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision.On mast above the bridge at ~35 m above sea surface waterVaisalaPTB220± 0.15 hPa 0.01 hPaFactory calibrationManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.In dry lab after a debubbler, next to CO2 systemSeabirdSBE 45± 0.005 permil0.0002 permilFactory calibrationManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.attached to CO2 analyzer exit to labSetra270± 0.05 hPa0.015 hPaFactory calibrationPressure reading from the Setra-270 on the exit of the analyzer was added to the differential pressure reading from Setra-239 attached to the equilibrator headspace to yield the equlibrator pressure.The CO2 system behaved well through most of the numerous legs of this cruise. After a port stop, the system re-started with the condenser temperature colder than normal. Ice formed in the ATM gas path, blocking the ATM flow for 36 hours starting at YearDay 300.6 during Leg3. The entire system was unpowered for ~18 hours for the ice to melt. When the system was restarted the EQU temperature sensor did not automatically restart.
For the 5.5 hours of no EQU temperature measurement, the EQU temperature was estimated from the temperature measured by an oxygen sensor next to the CO2 system. At various times during the five legs of this cruise, the barometric pressure or the SST measurement was missing for a CO2 analysis. To estimate the missing data, an offset between SST and EQU temperature or barometric pressure and LICOR pressure for the surrounding data was calculated. These local offsets were applied to estimate the missing data. http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gcc/rvbigelow_introduction.phpAll AOML fCO2 underway data from the R/V Henry B. Bigelow are posted on this site.underway