Kevin SullivanNOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway
305-361-4382Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.govRik WanninkhofNOAA/AOML
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149
305-361-4379Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.govNOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program2013/09/202013/09/20HB1303 Legs 1-2Research Cruise33HH20130701AMAPPS - Cetacean and Turtle Abundance, AOML_SOOP_CO2North Atlantic-75-6443362013070120130818Newport, RIHenry B. Bigelow33HHNOAAxCO2_EQU_ppmMole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature (ppm)xCO2_ATM_ppmMole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air (ppm)xCO2_ATM_interpolated_ppmMole fraction of CO2 in outside air associated with each water analysis. These values are interpolated between the bracketing averaged good xCO2_ATM analyses (ppm)PRES_EQU_hPaBarometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace (hectopascals)PRES_ATM@SSP_hPaBarometric pressure measured outside, corrected to sea level (hectopascals)TEMP_EQU_CWater temperature in equilibrator (degrees Celsius)SST_CSea surface temperature (degrees Celsius)SAL_permilSea surface salinity on Practical Salinity Scale (permil)fCO2_SW@SST_uatmFugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity (microatmospheres)fCO2_ATM_interpolated_uatmFugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 at SST and 100% humidity (microatmospheres)dfCO2_uatmSea water fCO2 minus interpolated air fCO2 (microatmospheres)WOCE_QC_FLAGQuality control flag for fCO2 values (2=good, 3=questionable)QC_SUBFLAGQuality control subflag for fCO2 values, provides explanation when QC flag=33 metersBowSprayhead above dynamic pool, with thermal jacket0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace)1.5 - 2.0 L/min70 - 150 ml/minYesGas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).Primary equlibrator is vented through a secondary equilibratorYes, 5 readings in a group every 4.3 hoursMast above the bridge, ~35 meters above sea surfaceGas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).Infrared absorption of dry sample gasLI-COR6262Every 140 seconds, except during calibration 0.01 microatmosphere± 1 microatmospheres0.01 ppm± 0.2 ppmScott-Marrin, Inc. -
Std 1: JA02645, 204.75 ppm /
Std 2: JA02273, 317.49 ppm /
Std 3: JA02285, 372.23 ppm /
Std 4: JA02647, 518.24 ppm /
Std 5: JA03093, 0.00 ppmThe analyzer is calibrated every 4.3 hours with field standards that in turn were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO scale. The zero gas is ultra-high purity air.Instrument is located in an air-conditioned laboratory. Ultra-High Purity air (0.0 ppm CO2) and the high standard gas are used to zero and span the LI-COR analyzer.Pierrot, D., C. Neil, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lueger, T. Johannson, A. Olsen, R. A. Feely, and C. E. Cosca (2009), Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data reduction routines, Deep-Sea Res II, 56, 512-522.After sea water pump, ~3 m below sea surfaceSeabirdSBE-38± 0.001 °C0.00025 °CFactory calibrationManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.Inserted into equilibrator ~5 cm below water levelHart1523± 0.015 °C0.001 °CFactory calibration0.2 - 0.5 °CManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision.Attached to equilibrator headspaceSetra239± 0.052 hPa0.01 hPaFactory calibrationDifferential pressure reading from Setra-239 attached to the equilibrator headspace was added to the pressure reading from the Setra-270 on the exit of the analyzer to yield the equlibrator pressure. Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision.On mast above the bridge at ~35 m above sea surface waterVaisalaPTB220± 0.15 hPa 0.01 hPaFactory calibrationManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.In dry lab after a debubbler, next to CO2 systemSeabirdSBE 45± 0.005 permil0.0002 permilFactory calibrationManufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.attached to CO2 analyzer exit to labSetra270± 0.05 hPa0.015 hPaFactory calibrationPressure reading from the Setra-270 on the exit of the analyzer was added to the differential pressure reading from Setra-239 attached to the equilibrator headspace to yield the equlibrator pressure.Around 13:00 on 12 July, 2013, the data acquisition stopped for 40 minutes. When the software was restarted, the temperature of the condenser was close to 0° C. After 11 hours, the gas flow during EQU analyses went to zero. This condition was recognized after 8.5 days (ship did not have email connections) and was believed to be due to an ice blockage. The data acquisition was stopped and the power to the analytical system was turned off for 12 hours. When the system was restarted, the condenser temperature returned to its normal 5° C.
During HB1303 the primary sensor for SST (SBE38) worked intermittently. For analyses without SBE38 readings, the SST was estimated from the internal temperature of the TSG (by subtracting 0.20° C) and from the lower hull-mounted Furuno temperature sensor (by subtracting 0.43° C). The connection to the ship's sensors was lost for 90 minutes on 30 July. The connection to the ship's sensors was lost twice during HB1303 - for 11.5 days starting at 07:30 on 4 July and for 90 minutes starting at 17:45 on 30 July. The data (15-second averages) from the ship's sensors were merged with 4730 CO2 analyses after the cruise. http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/gcc/rvbigelow_introduction.phpAll AOML fCO2 underway data from the R/V Henry B. Bigelow are posted on this site.underway