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1884/01: No major changes from this newly documented hurricane from
Partagas and Diaz (1996). Storm is determined to have reached hurricane
intensity based upon reports from the ships "Oder" and "Engelbert".
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1884/02: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz (1996). Track unaltered
from Neumann et al. (1993), originally storm number 1. Central pressure
of 957 mb corresponds to winds of 103 kt from the southern wind-pressure
relationship - 100 kt chosen for best track. A pressure reading of
983 mb not in the hurricane's center (at 00 UTC on the 15th of
September) suggests winds of at least 70 kt from the northern
wind-pressure relationship - 70 kt chosen for best track. The best
track provided appears to describe the full life cycle of this tropical
cyclone (from its formation as a tropical storm to its peak as a major
hurricane until its dissipation below tropical storm intensity).
Storm is determined to have reached major hurricane intensity based
upon the central pressure reading of 957 mb.
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1884/03: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz (1996), who made large
alterations to the track shown in Neumann et al. (1993), originally storm
number 2. These track changes are found to be reasonable. 982 mb central
pressure corresponds with 73 kt from the subtropical latitude wind-pressure
relationship - 70 kt chosen for best track. 982 mb central pressure
corresponds to 71 kt from the northern wind-pressure relationship - 70 kt
chosen for best track. A pressure reading of 982 mb not at the hurricane's
center (at 18 UTC on the 16th of September) suggests winds of at least 73 kt
from the subtropical latitude wind-pressure relationship - 80 kt chosen for
best track. The best track provided appears to describe the full life
cycle of this tropical cyclone (from its formation as a tropical storm
to its peak as a hurricane until its dissipation as an extratropical
storm). Storm is determined to have reached hurricane intensity based
upon pressure measurements and several ship reports.
1884/03 - 2003 REVISION:
08035 09/10/1884 M=11 3 SNBR= 226 NOT NAMED XING=1 SSS=0
08035 09/10/1884 M=11 3 SNBR= 230 NOT NAMED XING=1 SSS=0
***
08040 09/10*287 791 40 0*297 801 40 0*306 806 40 0*310 809 40 0
08045 09/11*315 811 40 0*319 815 40 0*325 816 40 0*330 813 40 0
08045 09/11*315 811 40 0*319 815 40 0*325 816 30 0*330 813 30 0
** **
08050 09/12*332 810 40 0*332 804 40 0*330 799 40 0*322 796 40 0
08050 09/12*332 810 30 0*332 804 30 0*330 799 30 0*322 796 40 0
** ** **
08055 09/13*314 791 50 0*305 785 50 0*303 773 50 0*305 764 50 0
08060 09/14*307 755 60 0*305 744 60 0*300 740 60 0*296 739 60 0
08060 09/14*307 755 60 0*305 744 60 0*300 740 60 0*296 739 70 0
**
08065 09/15*293 739 70 982*288 739 70 0*285 740 70 0*283 744 70 0
08065 09/15*293 739 70 982*288 740 70 0*284 744 70 0*281 749 70 0
*** *** *** *** ***
08070 09/16*283 748 80 0*284 751 80 0*285 753 80 0*292 754 80 0
08070 09/16*279 754 70 0*278 760 70 988*278 758 70 0*279 755 70 0
*** *** ** *** *** ** *** *** *** ** *** *** **
08075 09/17*302 751 80 0*310 746 80 0*320 735 80 0*333 719 80 0
08075 09/17*281 751 80 0*284 746 80 0*288 735 80 0*292 715 80 0
*** *** *** *** ***
08080 09/18*350 694 70 0*365 669 70 0*380 640 70 0*393 611 70 0
08080 09/18*296 680 80 0*302 653 80 979*314 613 80 0*340 585 80 0
*** *** ** *** *** ** *** *** *** ** *** *** **
08085 09/19*410 577 70 0*427 537 70 982*440 505 70 0*459 458 70 0
08085 09/19*390 560 70 0*427 535 70 982*445 505 70 0*460 458 70 0
*** *** *** *** ***
08090 09/20E477 404 60 0E495 345 60 0E510 290 50 0E530 230 50 0
08095 HR
Additional ship observations for this hurricane were obtained from the
_American Meteorological Journal_ of 1884 (pages 298-300). In particular,
the ship "Alpine" reported hurricane-force winds late on the 14th - thus
winds in the best track for that day are increased. A central pressure
value of 988 mb from the ship "R. M. Walls" (06Z on the 16th) suggests
winds of 66 kt from the subtropical wind-pressure relationship - winds
reduced down to 70 kt in best track along with a repositioning farther south
and west on the 15th and 16th. A central pressure value of 979 mb from the
ship "Stephen Hart" (06Z on the 18th) suggests winds of 76 kt - winds are
increased to 80 kt and the hurricane is repositioned farther to the south
and to the east on the 17th to the 19th. Decay stage of this storm to a
tropical depression while over land on the 11th and 12th inadvertently left
out from the first revision of the best track. (A thank you to Sim Aberson
for pointing out these additional ship observations.)
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1884/04: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz (1996), who made large
alterations to the track shown in Neumann et al. (1993), originally storm
number 3. These track changes are found to be reasonable. Pressure
readings of 982 and 980 mb not in the hurricane's center (on 00 UTC and
18 UTC on the 14th of October) suggest winds of at least 73 and 75 kt,
respectively, from the subtropical wind-pressure relationship - 90 kt
chosen for best track. Storm is determined to have reached hurricane
intensity while in the Caribbean based upon reports from the ship
"Cienfuegos" and from damage in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. The storm then
regained hurricane intensity over the Atlantic based upon the pressure
measurements and several ship reports.
1884/04 - 2003 REVISION:
08230 10/07/1884 M=11 4 SNBR= 227 NOT NAMED XING=0 SSS=0
08230 10/07/1884 M=11 4 SNBR= 231 NOT NAMED XING=0 SSS=0
***
08235 10/07*162 766 40 0*165 766 40 0*169 764 50 0*175 761 50 0
08240 10/08*180 760 60 0*185 758 60 0*191 756 70 0*196 755 70 0
08245 10/09*200 754 70 0*202 754 60 0*207 753 50 0*210 751 50 0
08245 10/09*200 754 70 0*204 753 60 0*207 753 50 0*210 752 50 0
*** *** ***
08250 10/10*214 751 50 0*217 751 50 0*220 750 50 0*222 750 50 0
08250 10/10*214 751 50 0*217 750 50 0*220 750 50 0*222 750 50 0
***
08255 10/11*222 750 60 0*225 750 60 0*227 750 70 0*230 750 70 0
08255 10/11*224 750 60 0*225 750 60 0*227 750 70 0*230 750 70 0
***
08260 10/12*232 750 70 0*235 750 70 0*237 750 70 0*240 750 70 0
08265 10/13*244 750 80 0*250 750 80 0*255 750 80 0*257 750 80 0
08270 10/14*257 750 90 0*257 750 90 0*257 746 90 0*258 741 90 0
08275 10/15*261 728 80 0*264 720 80 0*268 708 80 0*272 699 80 0
08280 10/16*276 688 70 0*279 678 70 0*282 668 70 0*284 654 70 0
08285 10/17*286 637 60 0*289 618 60 0*291 601 60 0*293 580 60 0
08290 HR
Track slightly adjusted to provide for a more realistic motion. It was
suggested by Perez (personal communication, 2003) that instead of a
hard right turn by this storm, that a cyclonic loop may have been
tracked from late on the 12th to the 14th. Without more definitive
information, the original track in HURDAT is retained.
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