WPC 
      2   	    B       o          Z     tch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) #| ]              ] 	[ 
    P fQ  
P "  m^,8<X,DDX,8,0XXXXXXXXXX00Tx|xl@Lph`t|808X,T\L\X8T`00\0```\DD8`PxLLLXXXX XX  XX             X `  TTTTT|LxXxXxXxX@0@0@0@0`````````LT\``L `h`TTT|L|L|L|L\xXxXxXxXTTTTTT``@ @ @0@   L \p0p0p0p0p0``````  DDD`D`D`D`Dt8t8t8``````xL|L|L|L  \p0`D`Dt8LL\``  dh XX8TXXXX X@HX    h^                                  8d                                                        HP LaserJet Series II (Additional)   HLSEIIDU.PRS ] 	[ 
    P   Q     0Z
P 2       9      9   
     w    21/01/96 05:53            Practical Lessons Using Marine and Coastal Images Data                                         5                                 X            ] 	[ 
    P   Q               
Pchapter 9   06 wC          ?' =((      
*(g/hD9    E        
     
  n        !           #  H 	`>	    xi  Q     X# Marine and Coastal Image Data Module 5:n  d                   `(#> #  H 	`>	    xi  Q     X# Practical Lessons: 5d #  ] 	[ 
    P  Q     
P#  2   
     0          P       Ы ] 	[ 
    P   Q  
P% 	[ 
  	  `   R Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8 Port FW)                                                                              
H 	`>	    xi  Q  X$ 	`>		  `  B Dutch Italic Roman (HP 8 Port FW)                                                                                     H 	`>	    xi  Q  X$ 	`>		  `  B Dutch Italic Roman (HP 8 Port FW)                                                                                     ] 	[ 
    P  Q  
P% 	[ 
  	  `   R Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8 Port FW)                                                                              
H 	`>	    xi  Q  X$ 	`>		  `  B Dutch Italic Roman (HP 8 Port FW)                                                                                     H 	`>	    xi  Q  X$ 	`>		  `  B Dutch Italic Roman (HP 8 Port FW)                                                                                     ] 	[ 
    P  Q  
P% 	[ 
  	  `   R Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8 Port FW)                                                                              
qs 	[ 
    P  Q  P% 	[ 
  	  `   L Dutch Roman 13pt (HP Roman 8 Port FW)                                                                                 ] 	[ 
    P  Q  
P% 	[ 
  	  `   R Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8 Port FW)                                                                              
#| ]    2   Z   
  ,  d   
    +   D   Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Italic 8.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW)  "  m^$(0lHd$88Ht 0$(HHHHHHHHHH($ttt@d\dh`Xpl48`\|hlTl\LXh\|`T`<(<H$HH@L<(<L$$H$tLLHH04(L@`<88HHHtH HH  HH    H    H   H L  dHdHdHdHdHhd@`<`<`<`<4$4$4$4$hLlLlLlLlLhLhLhLhLT8dHhLlLlLT8HLTHdHdHdHd@d@d@d@hL`<`<`<`<p<p<p<p<p<p<lLlL4 4 4$4   8 `H\$\$\$HH\$hLhLhLhLlLlL  \0\0\0L4L4L4L4X(X(X(hLhLhLhLhLhL|`T8`8`8`8  hL\$hL\0L4X(T8T8hLlLhLNH HT HH(@<<HHHH88ppHH HHTpH          H       H H             H                HmttHH    HH  HHHHH  HHHHHHHHHHHH     0P H         H                                            h              HDutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Italic 8.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Roman 13pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Bold 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Roman 7.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Italic 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) \ : , ,   N,\ ~>	    p fQ  
 2                   6  Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Italic 8.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Roman 13pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW)  "  m^4HHl̰4TTl4H4<llllllllll<<lԤP`̤xԨH<Hl4lt`xlHhx<<p<xtxxTTHxd```llll ll  ll             l t  lllll䨘`llllP<P<P<P<xttttxxxx`lxtt` xxlll````xllllhhhhhhxxP P P<P   ` p<<<<<xxxxtt  TTTxTxTxTxTHHHxxxxxxԔ````  x<xTxTH``xtx    llHlllll lPXl    ^                                  Hx                                                        Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Italic 8.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Roman 13pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Bold 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW)  "  m^,8<X,DDX,8,0XXXXXXXXXX00TptxthDXpl|dlt|ltL,LX,X\L\P8Td08\0dX\\LL<dPtTPLXXXX XX  XX             X `  pXpXpXpXpX|xLtPtPtPtPD0D0D0D0dXXXXddddlPpX\XXlP Xl\pXpXpXxLxLxLxL\tPtPtPtPTTTTTTddD D D0D   X \p0p0p0p0p0ddddXX  |L|L|LdLdLdLdLl<l<l<ddddddtlPtLtLtL  \p0d|LdLl<lPlP\Xd  dh XX8T\\XX XD@X    h^                                  8d                                                         2 n     P    ,   Z    N     Dutch Roman 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Italic 8.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Roman 13pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Bold 10.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW) Dutch Roman 7.50pt (HP Roman 8) (Port) (FW)  "  m^ ((`@th 00@h (  @@@@@@@@@@$$hhh<|`TXdXLdh,8\Pt`dLd`DPh`|``X( (|@ <D8H<(<D$$@$dDDHH00(D8T488@@@h@ @@  @@             @ H  `<`<`<`<`<`X8X<X<X<X<,$,$,$,$`DdDdDdDdDhDhDhDhD`8`<dHdDdD`8 DLH`<`<`<X8X8X8X8dHX<X<X<X<d<d<d<d<d<d<hDhD, , ,$,   8 \@P$P$P$P$P$`D`D`D`DdDdD  `0`0`0D0D0D0D0P(P(P(hDhDhDhDhDhD|T`8X8X8X8  dHP$`D`0D0P(`8`8dHdDhD   H @@(<@@@@ @,4dd@    Ld^hh                                  (D                                                        \ } 2 ] : , ,    ] 	[ 
    P fQ  
PT g ' H / $ , -  ԙH 	`>	    xi fQ  X  = s H 4 , Z  qs 	[ 
    P fQ  Pd ~ 1 \ : , ,   N,\ ~>	    p fQ  
& Z # C *   ,   /%iC 	[ 
    P fQ  wP\ 0 Y : , ,   Y 	`>	    xi fQ  
Xns HPLJPS.INI Main Status Window SWExeWindow Options HPLJPS.INI hpsw.exe SWExeName 2         F                       "  m^,4<X|,DDX(8,0XXXXXXXXXX00Pxt|xh@@xtht`ptthxL4HX,\XL\L4L\,,X,\\XX8D0`PtHHDXXXX XX  XX             X `  x\x\x\x\x\|LxLxLxLxL@,@,@,@,\\\\\````hHx\\\\hH \hXx\x\x\|L|L|L|L\xLxLxLxLLLLLLL\\@ @ @,@   @ xXt,t,t,t,t,\\\\\\  t8t8t8`D`D`D`Dp0p0p0``````thHxDxDxD  \t,\t8`Dp0hHhH\\`  dh XX4PHHXX XDDX    h^                                  8d                                                             <     d               U UUUUUUUUUUUU      ,,,888EEEQQQaaaqqq    
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; x?<8>8 >pwq぀  3 | xa=ga
Ϗx>?8?!>8 zza7}aÀ ?  3  |#xc?À?ππ
ǀ3??<?}8c<|p<?2c  2  p`wx??ǀ<??
?

=xc??=?<08{?   1) q?ǁ= <?	? 
=0?y?  sٜS|9  0 q
a? 8x~? ?	 @ ~?}?oG?83O`? 0'0 q ;xx? 	? 
@~w>9C>o?`0x< A  /'0q> `1_x|@??À ?
?; 
 ߀A ~?|9À  ~`>   ?/-8qg9|D8 ~? ;
  <|??f!G><?@  /- qp8'>ǰ|??xp??ǀ? 
O ?1 ?Î?1?qߞ?  x 0  .  p q}?0	o
K90?8?w==  ؟xx|   . C p < ;|0	
Cx<8?\ǎ?~= 8o    ?-?8|p8x`o???	> 
?>><8?0?ߏ?     -!<f8<pp<|| H9À
?_π

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a3<~ß`?ϟ<< 9    -) ~ <`xpv s ??
?;'?bp0? 8 y  @  -@  x?@3f<g 

=/xg? /x ?|< {c    ,    x@|gÆ<b
G  ?
:| hߟ?7?8?Ͽ=c| ,  㿀 8?<w8  ǀ
?
?@?s~<r?̜~;s?<|ß0?' ?+  1  |p| |
?>?|?z?>y>~powGǃ ?+ 01>8|`}w
 	 
π?7~|f
~;|>oax +- q>qC` ??

:?px90?s98ϛ? +! ` ~> ?<|s	?	

;$8 ?g;g +- @p@>>~!?8?	/   
??ǆp<{ǟ??<?xs` +*ߏq >28??c  ?0<	 p
? ><~?g<x?s #p~.|`q؟ϟ#  +! G4 ;x/ À
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= p>? pvr s,r8<`q8 c +   C0? o
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
?=p?0$ s0p3x  + ~  `?A0π? V
:  <s|+88 0 y?߀!
&o ?  
Ͼ<?c 
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0p  ~~?
χÀ!
 ?ÀӀ?7 8b <x 2 ? À + a ??x`À!p
ǀ?o5  |b G8 1   < +	?x`À!
8	w< 0 q~c *a	>x  À!
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??~7O38`w?0/*p ߀? 
߀?3H0~8??y?A8?)p   ǀ=  ??3#
Ü  9p|8?;	<qyC)20  ?qy?  
ǀ5qa y'~x <9<OǏ)0 ?p?	?>
9?6wHA x~y ?9~ (@ ?ǀÀ
???6|xc xa|`|c?~ ?( ?~?#À

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Àπ/0 8;8<wÏߜ~98' ǀ~?>?? c ?c   
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qǟ߀
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 π#80 ?
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߀?!>0
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?"da>0ÿ8bÀ
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?$`>0o>`À    ?$  3  ǀ	?'  <??3
߀
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 C8y8N?ﱀ
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	?	? ǀ
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? ! ?<? ?

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
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 8G  	 !?|?<?	?p

?
q#?w
;?0 @ ?q?À>c ?|?<??
	 ? |pp =??8 pB   p@?g ?>??	À
|`x8?  ` ?  C` ?
c ?>
	??? ?;ss;  >98p# ? o   c ??c ??

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
	 0?ǜ 0s>?8 8  0  >??&cp  ~ÇÀ
π?x
s`p? ? t? ?   = <@z  `??'1   ? ? 
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ǀ?? 7?   pq3>< ?!    ` `?	#	  
ǀ
| '0 ?x < ?o ?  #	  
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c  

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??	9??	xy a+ @
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??
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"|`gc
`9>8߀p   8 p?A~?	   

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 9x8x8 " b?|À	? ?  
?ǀ<x?
 ?Ç9?>|8| 
"  <w f?|?? >  
?<8 ?!?$ǿ   
 >>w f??
  ?À88g@?x?c8q><Gχ 
>~1< B?x?8pa
߀1
G7~~ aq ?	|ǃ? 
 ? < ?
ǀπp'~?<p 	
w    > ߀o3
?
?9?8?`X` G?
  s'x~ 
8?#1??ǎ`  8?1|  '??O 8 
	 
	;~?$~? 788`3  `<Pqπ>   ?Oπ?0?   
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??#?~ 8~8    @ `'? p    0q<; ?$? ߿;8矌}  @`<? p_u ǃ C
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	~?ǀ
	 Ǐ?y?? ??78 Ï?!?g~1 ߀!?
 	??	???7|?? `=<9nǇo~?π!?
? ~?<?6|??0<x@Ϗlc'g?!
| <9?x8? >?x8p?1?!
?	ÀCx;  s6C>p?<py?  g0n??  8 π!
À?ǀۀb ? Q06>'<p0o? ??/?~?>?x? 

? p>?36C9~???<g8>??x`< ?>??|? 9	 ?#< ~9 ~7> <|qO |x=: ? ??>??~ǿ 
g<q	??><f<9 ~p8~<  l ~? ? ???~ǿ 
C	=?χ?,1a0|w~8|??q???~A
>8s`?> >?  ,1`8~X~ǟqxy>> 0?p??x?~a	s
8?
xq  ," ??~O|8>>960s??x?|?(s? 
???
s{8` ,ǜ`r8?N>| <w7
??x ?x݀ǟc0Ïφ<c
Ǿ~p8q1ǌ ,>>p?}c$~ǀ
=?>?x?χ#w10<9?
	?߀
1>xx= ,@??9~
\~ǀ?`???x?a9g10<9????}0  - Ǐ<8y >  1 >?
 ?x?p w ~9???
?~? =	h0 - g? 8  o  Oǀ=??x9ϑ~?
> |!3 < <? >1 w  8?|@qB??x?1g3ϑ~?
 ~π>~3  ~90 ?p<x0@/0|@
B<???| ǟ~?ÏN?
߀oxÀca	?	2  g< a| 87?9???~w1?8~#??
	?aG?	2  \>?~ a<0"8=? ?? ?ǀ=???|?Ǉw1?8~#??
?
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aqo	 69~ >g& x<x#?1lǀD? < ? 8 0s ~#?
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
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?G?ǜ

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?|G
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 ~?
o<? !0/ 1 ~> ?oǃǃ<  wqϜ"p
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~ ?<πǀ	??=?
  >ǀǀ	??xx?ǀ	>x?πߟx??῀ǀ	>|?π0>?ǀ	>|?=π   <q?ǀ	À>}q? ??|?ǀ	?yx?ǀy<  ?ǀǀ{>ǀǀ?ǀǀ;?	?߀	??糟	?߀	?Àπǀ???πßw? ?
q???ǀ
??
 ??		 ???	 ???<	 πÀ???	π
 ?
߀??π????q
????ǀ
߀
?ǀ?		??<	π 	<??ǀ ?|
߀	x?ǀ ?~|߀	x>ǀ>?	p>ǀ	߾ 	 | ǀ?
Ǐ?y	| ǀ?ߏx
xǀ ?<
ǁ
pπ?ǀ?
?
?Ϟ?
 ?
?πǀ???
ǀ? ? ǀ??
π?? ? ǀ???π
?  ??x`??π
x  ?ǀ ?π
x?  ǀ
x?  ??
q??C? ~  ߀
?1?~?
	??
y?ǀ?
	???
?
q?     
q  
8 ?|
|~
||{
?8q?~π|?π~|?π
>?~|c?π
?Cqπ
|x?
~π
x?ǀ~?π
|C???߀π~?ǟπ
~|~?>π~π
Ǐ~|~?π ??π
?π ?|π
?π pπ
????@  π
 0
π?  π	<a
߀ǀπ	 
 πππǀ~π	ǀ
p??ǀǀǀ~ππ
N?ǀ? ?πǏ
|Nǀ  πǀǟ~? ?π ?
	π??
	??	
?ǀπ㏀	ǀπ	π	  ??π??	~??π  ?~??>?? <|	 ? <|
	<|
x?	<|
8?	
8?y
	yǀπ?8 ??9
	π?0??9

?????π?q??

~????
?
 ?????
	 ???>
À
	À??x>
π???x>?
π??~
?ǀ?
9߀? ????ǀ?
???
?
9??
1 ??
q ?
À |?	  |??	<???	?>?	>??Àǀ> χǀ  ǀ?ǀ_?ǀ?ǀ?ǀǀx$ǀ /|ǀ$ǀ >?$À  ?$ ?$?$~À%~$?π$ǀ$|?	$ 	~% 	π??&À	π&À?	π
&ǀ	
ǀ
~ǀ&	
ǀ
ǀ&   ǀǀ&	 ǀ?xπ&ǀ 
 ǀ π&ą 
ǀǀ& L+ǀ&	 Ǐ+ǀ& 	 O&	 3O߀&πp@   /À&π 	?=  s<ǀ3	 w   /<?ǀB@ 
<?ǀK8 ;??ǀWdf  y?ǀ]  qǀf  ǀg?
q 0 ?  ǀg?? ǀg?? ?ǀg? ǀf@ ǀg?? ?ǀg?? ߀b??R ?L? ?ذ 	 0 ?=?2: r0???w	B x @  ??V A??c `A 
??o  Ày  rm    d  4hǀ+'   
+' ?  
?+'? ?
?ǀ+'
??*'	?
???*'	
??*'	
???*'
	
??8???a *'??0? Ç @<Ç*' ? |8?8>  À ? ~*'πÀ>   ? >|??x??p?À?*'>8~?|?????*'À?(>|?|??????À*' ( ?>???|?????À*' ( ~??|??? ?*'( ? ?|?????*'?|?????*'  ?|??????*'À00?<??????*'Àǀ~?8?????*'|>??????*'(x~???>??*'??(p~???>??ß*'ǀ(~????>??*'À(~?????>??À*'?ǁ(<x(8 > ?? ?À*'? (# >   ?(  <    ??*' ? ? ( ~x|   ? 8   ? *'+       <?<?
 *, ?*,?ǀ?*,??*+??ǀ*+??π?*+?@*+@~ǀ++@ ++ @
+,?Oǀ+ Q` 	  GQ    ǀGQ?   ?GQ|  GQA<GQ
<FQ8?FP??FP?FP?~ FP??FP? FP? FP ?FP  ??FP?  ??FP?? ?<FP???~FP???FP???FP???FP|??FP|?FPFP|?FPFP????FP?  pFP$?   FP?F P
FQ
FQ?
?FQ
FQǀGQ GQ G  USFR   chapter    
    
  ~              z  g H      #  H 	`>	    xi  Q  ԩX# Marine and Coastal Image Data Module 5:~  u              	{  } S      `(#L #  H 	`>	    xi  Q  ԩX# Practical Lessons: 5u #  ] 	[ 
    P  Q   
P#    
  ?   
  3'                                          3'Standard                                  6&                                          6& Standard     ?' =((      
*(  ܰ                                          
    
 Practical Lessons Using Marine and Coastal Images Data
 5 a 
 5 a 
 5 a 
 5 a 
   ^     #  qs 	[ 
    P  Q  P# 5: RESEARCH ON PHYSIOGRAPHIC PHENOMENA INFLUENCED BY
   ^   "  MARINE CURRENTS IN THE TERMINOS LAGOON# ] 	[ 
    P  Q   
P# 
 5 a 
 5 a 
 5 a 
  ~ R D	  / = Aim of Lesson
 5 a      
This lesson illustrates some of the procedures used for the indirect identification of the
geomorphology of shallow water basins, and the movements of water masses in coastal lagoons.



  ~ R     0  Objectives
 5 a 
 5 a      On completion of this lesson, you should be able to:

1) identify the flow patterns of marine currents using Landsat-TM images

2) determine indirectly the geomorphology of shallow water basins

3) observe and distinguish water masses of different densities.



  ~ R     *  Background Information
 5 a 
 5 a      The Terminos Lagoon is located south of the Gulf of Mexico, approximately between 91$15'- 91$51'
W and 18$27'- 18$50' N (Fig. 1). It is 60 km long, with a maximum width of 26 km (Phleger and Ayala
Casta9ares, 1971). This is a shallow and wide area with a mean depth of 3.5m, except in the tidal
marshy plains and in a deep channel on the western part of the mouth. The total area of the basin
  } S  is approximately 1,700 km2, but when marshes and fluvial-lacustrine systems are included the total
  } S d area is 2,500 km2 (Ya9ez-Arancibia, 1980). In its physiography, outstanding features are: the Palizada
river in the southwest; the Chumpn river on the south; the Candelaria river on the southwest; the
Sabancuy estuary on the northeast. To the north of the lagoon there is a barrier 38km long and
2.5km, wide, with a height of 2m to 4m above sea level (Phleger and Ayala Casta9ares, 1971;
Carvajal, 1973): this forms the Carmen Island and is bordered by two big mouths.

The Puerto Real mouth is strongly influenced by transparent marine waters which form a notable
inner delta with shoals and channels. The Carmen mouth is mainly influenced by the Palizada river
which has abundant suspended terrigenous contributions. These produce great turbidity and
contribute to the formation of an outer delta.

The water salinity is in the range of 12ppm to 29ppm (Ya9ez- Arancibia and Day, 1988), tending
to be marine in the northeastern sector of the lagoon. The eastern mouth is completely marine and
the western mouth fundamentally salty, the water in the outlets of the river ranging from briny to
fresh (Ya9ez-Arancibia, et al., 1983).   )        o.?+?+HH  Ԍ

The tide is mixed diurnal and the range is small with an annual mean of 0.45 m. Water circulation
is affected by tides, river flow and wind. The eastern mouth tends to introduce marine water into the
lagoon, while the western mouth tends to displace salty water out of the lagoon.

The regional climate is humid tropical, with an annual precipitation range of 1,100mm to 2,000mm.
Because of the water circulation pattern, with a net inwards flow at the Puerto Real mouth and a net
outwards flow at the Carmen mouth, there are semi-permanent gradients of salinity, turbidity,
transparency, sediment type, nutrient levels, associations of foraminifera and macrobenthos (Ayala
Casta9ares 1963, Caso 1979, Garc1a-Cubas 1981).

This, together with the two sediment sources, terrigenous-fluvial and calcareous-marine, contributes
to the establishment of a great diversity of estuarine lacustrine environments (subsystems or habitats),
including the mouths (El Carmen and Puerto Real) which interact with the ocean, mangrove swamps
in salty and low-salinity areas, areas of sea grass, marsh grasses, areas of high sedimentation, oyster
reefs and an oligohaline central basin (Y9ez-Arancibia and Day, 1982, Y9ez- Arancibia, et al.,
1983).


                Figure 1                                               1                                          ! "M;	                     <  n n     LAGUNA.WPG                                           M)    (   ~ S    &
 Figure 1ă  $  ""@;	;	  ! ;	$ 
 ! ;	  0           o.?+?+HH ;	s'  !  0    ;	;	  ""     A #bvH                    @  d d   BATI.WPG                                             bw)  R 
  ~ R   Figure 2. Bathymetry of the lagoon (metres) (Botello, 1978)  $  ""  ""A "$ 
  ~ R `  X The images used in this lesson"

The image shown is from the Landsat (Thematic Mapper) satellite, taken on April 3, 1991. It has a
spatial resolution of 30 m and a radiometric resolution of 8 bits. The acquisition date of the image
(actual date) coincides with the lowest river input to the lagoon.

The size of the image is 256 lines ' 512 pixels and has been geometrically corrected. The area
  } S  covered is approximately 30.72 km2. The names of the files for the selected bands are:

^  
     d d x                          
 !                     @@@@@  ^    	 	 	 	 	 	                ~ R     ! Name  X!       $ '
 Sensor  X!       6  Date  X!       D  Band  X!        ~ R    R 5 Size 	 		 	 	 	 	              U PUERTO1   #       " [ LandsatTM   #       4 ! 03/04/91   #       F k 1   #       P e 512 x 256 	 		 	 	 	 	X!              U PUERTO2  $       " [ LandsatTM  $       4 ! 03/04/91  $       F k 2  $       P e 512 x 256 	 		 	 	 	 	 #              U PUERTO3  P&       " [ LandsatTM  P&       4 ! 03/04/91  P&       F k 3  P&       P e 512 x 256 	 		 	 	 	 	$              U PUERTO4  '       " [ LandsatTM  '       4 ! 03/04/91  '       F k 4  '       P e 512 x 256 	 							P&              U PUERTO6  )       " [ LandsatTM  )       4 ! 03/04/91  )       F k 6  )       P e 512 x 256 			 '    0  )        o.?+?+HH H"  A  0  Ԍ  ~ S    ԙa. Lesson Outlineă

  ~ S  1) Load and display the PUERTO1 image with the VGA pallet and try to:

 a)`	`	 identify the current flow at the Puerto Real mouth
 b)`	`	 relate the gray tones to the bathymetry shown in Fig. 2.

2) Load the EGA palette and repeat the procedure.

  ~ S R 3) Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the PUERTO2 and PUERTO3 images.

  ~ S  4) After loading and displaying the PUERTO1 image:

  ~ S 
  a)`	`	 Process the image with the Linear Stretch option in the function Modify LUT,
  ~ S e separating land from water. Determine the range of radiance values of the water using Histogram.

  ~ S 
  b)`	`	 Load the TEMP1.PAL palette. Examine the features evident in the resulting image.
Compare this result with what could be seen in steps 1 and 2 of this lesson.

  ~ S w 5) Load the EGA palette and LUT DEFAULT and then repeat step 4 for images PUERTO2 and
  ~ S H PUERTO3.

  ~ S  6) Load and display the image PUERTO6 (Thermal band) using LUT DEFAULT and the EGA
  ~ S  palette. Apply Histogram Equalization, from the Modify LUT menu. What can you see from the
resulting image?

  ~ S + 7) With the PUERTO1 image use the 3x3 Filter option, from the Filters menu with the following
mask:


^ 
 !                     @@@@@
 A d d d     l   NNN      @@@  ^  	D	 	 	'             /  2         5 = 1         ;  0 D	 	D	 	 	l             /  1         5 = 0         : g ԩ1 D	 	T				             /  0  H       4 ! ԩ1  H       ;  2 T			    

  ~ S   a) `	`	 Load and display the 3 ' 3 image, resulting from the applied filter, then load the
VGA.PAL palette and LUT DEFAULT."`	

 b)`	`	 What are the characteristics of the resulting image?

  ~ S !  c)`	`	 Save this image with the name FIL1.

  ~ S # 8) Compare the FIL1 image with PUERTO1 using the Toggle option from the Multi-Image function.
What conclusions can be drawn from this comparison?

  ~ S & 9) Repeat steps 7 and 8 for the PUERTO2 and PUERTO3 images. Which band more clearly enhances
the characteristics of the lagoon in this process?

  ~ S |( 10) Apply the NDVI option (vegetation index) from the Multi-Image function on the PUERTO1 and
  ~ S M) PUERTO4 images. Load and display the resulting NDVI image using the EGA palette. What are the
results? Is it possible to identify the vegetation zones shown in Fig. 1?   *       o.?+?+HH  Ԍ  ~ R    ԙ   /  Bibliography
 5 a      

 X  AyalaCasta9ares, A., 1963. Sistemtica y distribuci;n de los foramin1feros recientes de la Laguna de
T)rminos, Campeche M)xico. Bol. Inst. Geol. Univ. Nal. Aut;n. M)xico, 67 (3): 1130."

 X  Carvajal, R., 1973. Condiciones ambientales y productividad de la Laguna de T)rminos, Campeche,
M)xico, 31:3538."

 X  CasoMu9oz, M.E. 1979. Los equinodermos de la Laguna de T)rminos, Campeche. Centro. Cienc.
del Mar y Limnol. Univ. Nal. Aut;n. M)xico, Publ. Esp. 3:1  186."

 X  Garc1aCubas, A., 1981. Moluscos de un sistema lagunar tropical en el sur del Golfo de M)xico
(Laguna de T)rminos, Campeche). Inst. Cienc. del Mar y Limnol. Univ. Nal. Aut;n. M)xico,
Publ. Esp. 5: 1180."

 X  Phleger and AyalaCasta9ares, 1971. Processes and history of Terminos Lagoon, M)xico. Bull. Am.
Assoc. Petrol. Geol. 55 (12): 23102140."

 X  Ya9ezArancibia, A., F. Amezcua Linares and J.W. Day Jr. 1980. Fish community structure and
function in Terminos Lagoon, a tropical estuary in the Southern Gulf of Mexico, p. 465482.
In: Keneddy, V. (Ed.) Estuarine Perspectives. Academic Press Inc. New York, 534 pp."

 X  Ya9ezArancibia, A., J.W. Day Jr. 1982. Ecological characterization of Terminos Lagoon a tropical
lagoon estuarine system in the Southern Gulf of Mexico, p. 431440. In: Lasserre, P. y H.
Postma (Eds.) Coastal Lagoon. Oceanologica Acta, Vol. Spec. 5 (4): 462 pp."

 X  Ya9ezArancibia, A., A.L. Lara Dom1ngez, P. Chavance, Ma. de la C. Garc1aAbad. 1983.
Environmental behavior of Terminos Lagoon ecologic system, Campeche Mexico. Inst. Cienc.
del Mar y Limnol. Univ. Nal. Aut;n. M)xico, Publ. Esp. 10(1): 137163."
 
 X  Ya9ezArancibia, A., J.W. Day Jr. (Eds.), 1988. Ecolog1a de los Ecosistemas Costeros en el Sur del
Golfo de M)xico: La Regi;n de la Laguna de T)rminos. Inst. Cienc. del Mar y Limnol. Univ.
Nal. Aut;n. M)xico, Coast Ecol. Inst. LSU. Ed. Universitaria, M)xico D.F., 518 pp."


     @ y    b #                    d       d d                                                                         y 

This lesson was prepared by Carlos Santisb;n Montes de Oca.




   Q 0" Comments or suggestions relating to this lesson should be sent to:


Carlos S. Montes de Oca
Programa EPOMEX
Universidad Aut;noma de Campeche
Av. Agust1n Melgar y Juan de La Barrera
Apartado Postal 520
Campeche 24030, Campeche  MEXICO

   Q P* Fax: (981)  65954   P*         o.?+?+HH  Ԍ  ~ R    ԙ   2 # Answers
 5 a      
1) In all three images, the current that enters the lagoon and forms the inner delta can clearly be
seen. Also visible are the flows formed by the different marine currents that enter the Mouth of
Puerto Real.

  ~ S  In the PUERTO1 image a thread of water may be observed to leave the Sabancuy estuary. This has
a different density and temperature from the marine water.

With respect to bathymetry, a relationship can be observed between the 3 m isobath and the final part
of the zone of influence of the current flow.

4 and 5) The radiance ranges of the water appropriate for these images should be:

 a)`	`	 PUERTO1& 78163

 `	`	 PUERTO2 & 2973

 `	`	 PUERTO3 & 1558
 
 X b) It may be seen that the current reaches the thread of water in the estuary. The marine
water crosses over the thread, but is stopped by the discharge of the Candelaria River. The
complete details of this process cannot be seen so clearly in the unstretched images (steps
  ~ S  1 and 2), especially for the images  PUERTO2 and PUERTO3."

6) This image shows that the thread of water leaving the estuary has a different temperature from
the remaining zones which are generally homogeneous.

7) The applied filter enhances boundaries and shows the geomorphology of the shallow waters. The
delta is well defined as are the channels formed by the constant flow of water entering the Puerto
Real mouth, and the coast line. The boundaries of the water masses of different salinity can also be
detected, as can the thread of water in the estuary.

8) Examination of the two images shows that:

  ~ S r  a) the FIL1 image fully separates the boundaries between land and water;

 b) the details of the lower systems of the inter-tidal deltas can be identified;

  ~ S   c) the FIL1 image allows closer interpretation of the data.

  ~ S T! 10) Using this process vegetation shows in dark blue. Analysis of the PUERTO4 image shows that the
zones of vegetation can be distinguished clearly from zones of bare soil and from urban zones.