LOAD IMAGE:                                                                                                                                                        Type in the filename of the image to be loaded. The default                     extension of .DAT is not required. If the file does not exist                   another name may be entered.                                                 l                                                                               LOAD LUT:                                                                                                                                                          Type in the filename of the LUT to be loaded. The default extension             of .STR is not required. If the file does not exist another name                may be entered.                                                              l                                                                               LOAD PALETTE:                                                                                                                                                      Type in the filename of the palette to be loaded. The default                   extension of .PAL is not required. If the file does not exist                   another name may be entered.                                                 l                                                                               DISPLAY IMAGE:                                                                                                                                                     Displays the currently loaded image. This also includes any of the              images created by using the sub-menu options.                                l                                                                               HISTOGRAM:                                                                                                                                                         A histogram of the currently loaded image is displayed. The image               statistics are shown above the histogram. The frequency of each                 image value can be found by moving a green pointer through the                  histogram. This information is displayed below the histogram. A                 yellow line denotes the mean value of the image data.                        l                                                                               MODIFY LUT:                                                                                                                                                        Contains a sub-menu in which all options allow the current LUT to               be modified. The three options are:                                                                                                                             Linear stretch.                                                                 Histogram equalisation.                                                         Manual stretch.                                                              l                                                                               MODIFY IMAGE:                                                                                                                                                      Contains a sub-menu in which three options allow the current image              to be modified. The three options are:                                                                                                                          Subimage.                                                                       Smooth.                                                                         Gradients.                                                                                                                                                      The fourth option in this sub-menu is Zoom which does not alter the             current image.                                                               l                                                                               MODIFY PALETTE:                                                                                                                                                    The 16 colours used in the current LUT define the current palette.              However a total of 64 colours are available to make up the LUT                  palette. This option allows any 16 of the 64 colours to be chosen               as the current LUT palette.                                                  l                                                                               SAVE IMAGE:                                                                                                                                                        Allows the current image to be saved to disk.  The default                      extension of .DAT must be used. A .HDR file required by the load                image option is automatically created. The first line of this .HDR              file contains information for the program, subsequent lines can be              used to hold miscellaneous information. Any such information may be             inserted using an editor.                                                    l                                                                               SAVE LUT:                                                                                                                                                          Allows the current LUT to be saved to disk. The default extension               of .STR is required as part of the filename.                                 l                                                                               SAVE PALETTE:                                                                                                                                                      Allows the current LUT to be saved to disk. The default extension               of .PAL is required as part of the filename.                                 l                                                                               CURSOR:                                                                                                                                                            A cursor is overlayed on the current image and its image position,              colour/slot value and original data file value are read back and                displayed at the bottom of the screen.                                       l                                                                               PRINT IMAGE:                                                                                                                                                       Prints the current image in bit-image graphics mode. An IBM                     graphics printer or equivalent is required. This option is best                 suited for use with small subimage files.                                    l                                                                               MULTI-IMAGE:                                                                                                                                                       A sub-menu appears with options which require the input of two or               more image files as input. The four options are:                                                                                                                Radiometric masking.                                                            Two band ratioing.                                                              Scattergram.                                                                    Image arithmetic.                                                                                                                                               All of these options require input file names and use the subimage              facility to define the area to be used.                                      l                                                                               TRANSECT:                                                                                                                                                          A graph of the image values along a transect is plotted. The                    transect is defined by two moveable cursors overlayed on the image.          l                                                                               UNDEFINED:                                                                                                                                                          Reserved for future use.                                                    l                                                                               LINEAR STRETCH:                                                                                                                                                    Performs a two point linear contrast stretch. The two points                    defining the stretch are chosen by red and blue pointers moving                 through the histogram.                                                       l                                                                               HISTOGRAM EQUALISATION:                                                                                                                                            Performs an automatic contrast stretch and displays the results.                The algorithm allocates approximately equal areas to each colour on             the image.                                                                   l                                                                               MANUAL STRETCH:                                                                                                                                                    This option allows any range of pixel values to be mapped to any                current LUT colour. In this way, user-defined contrast stretch's                (LUT's)can be built up.                                                      l                                                                               SUBIMAGE:                                                                                                                                                          Using two half cursors, a subimage can be selected as the current               image.                                                                       l                                                                               ZOOM:                                                                                                                                                              Two cursors allow any part of the current image to be enlarged in               both x and y directions. A cursor facility is automatically                     available with the zoomed image. This enables individual pixel                  values to be read back from the zoomed area. Note the zoomed image              is temporary ,and does not become the current image.                         l                                                                               SMOOTH:                                                                                                                                                            Performs an automatic smoothing of the image using a 3x3 moving                 average. After viewing the smoothed image press any key to                      continue.                                                                    l                                                                               GRADIENTS:                                                                                                                                                         This option makes clearer the positions of borders between features             in the current image by calculating the change in intensity from                pixel to pixel.  After viewing the resulting image press any key to             continue. The resulting image may appear black and will need to be              stretched.                                                                   l                                                                               RADIOMETRIC MASKING:                                                                                                                                               This option allows the user to mask out parts of an image using a               selected pixel value range in a second image. Requires filenames                for the image to be masked and the image to define the mask.                 l                                                                               TWO BAND RATIOING:                                                                                                                                                 Performs a ratio between two selected images. Requires filenames of             images to be used, and uses a scattergram of the given images to                enable the user to find a suitable magnification factor for the                 ratio.                                                                       l                                                                               SCATTERGRAM:                                                                                                                                                       This option generates a two dimensional representation of                       information contained in two selected images. These images                      correspond to the x and y axes of the scattergram. After inputing               the filenames for the scattergram, use the half cursors to define               the spatial area to be used.                                                 l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC:                                                                                                                                                  Performs user selected image arithmetic. The following options are              available:                                                                                                                                                      Addition.                                                                       Average.                                                                        Subtraction.                                                                                                                                                    All of these options use the subimage facility to define the area               to be used.                                                                  l                                                                               UNDEFINED:                                                                                                                                                         Reserved for future use.                                                     l                                                                               HISTOGRAM:                                                                                                                                                         Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                   to move green pointer through histogram.                   ESC                  to return to main menu.                                    H                    to display this screen.                                                                                                                    Move the green pointer through the histogram using the left and                 right arrow keys. The pixel value and its frequency in the image                are displayed below the histogram. The yellow line denotes the mean             value of the image data. Image statistics are displayed at the top              of the screen.                                                               l                                                                               LINEAR STRETCH:                                                                                                                                                    Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                   to move blue pointer through histogram.                    CAPS LOCK +        to move red pointer through histogram.                     SPACEBAR             to select and modify contrast stretch.                     ENTER                to select contrast stretch.                                ESC                  to return to main menu.                                    H                    to display this screen.                                                                                                                    Move the red and blue pointers through the histogram to define the              two points between which the linear contrast stretch is performed.              Press SPACEBAR to select and modify the contrast stretch without                returning to the main menu or press ENTER to select the contrast                stretch and return to the main menu. The information given at the               bottom of the screen shows the position of the appropriate pointer              on the histogram and the percentage of the histogram it covers.              l                                                                               MANUAL STRETCH:                                                                                                                                                    Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                              to move colour selector around colour bar.                                    to move range selector along current LUT.                       CAPS LOCK +   to move range selector along current LUT.                       first  ENTER    to initialise definition of pixel range.                        second ENTER    to complete definition of pixel range.                          third  ENTER    to register current colour to chosen range.                     SPACEBAR        to view results.                                                S               to save results.                                                ESC             to return to main menu.                                         H               displays this screen.                                                                                                                           This option re-allocates any current LUT colour (shown on the                   vertical colour selector bar) to a range of pixel values. A colour              is chosen at any time by moving the white colour selector around                the colour bar.  The white range selector may be moved along the                current LUT bar using the right and left arrow keys.                                                                                                            To choose the pixel range, press ENTER to define the first range                pointer, move the white pointer to the appropriate place, press                 ENTER again. The range has been defined. A third ENTER allocates                the chosen colour to that range.                                                                                                                                Press the SPACEBAR to view the resulting LUT either as an overlay               (only overwriting the altered ranges) or not (the defined ranges                and colours become the LUT). Press S to save the results, otherwise             the old LUT will be used.                                                    l                                                                               TRANSECT:                                                                                                                                                          Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                              to move 1st cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                 to move 2nd cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                   to move 1st cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +     to move 2nd cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                          to complete transect.                         ENTER                             to display transect.                          ESC                               to return to main menu.                       H                                 displays this screen.                                                                                                         Move the two cursors around the image and press the SPACEBAR to                 complete the line defining the transect. Press ENTER to display the             resulting transect, or press SPACEBAR to remove the line leaving                cursors free to move around the image again. Use ESC at any point               to finish, and press any key to continue after vewing transect.              l                                                                               SUBIMAGE:                                                                                                                                                          Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete.                                 ENTER                              to display subimage.                         ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                        Move the two half cursors around the image and press the SPACEBAR               to complete the box defining the subimage. Press ENTER to display               the resulting subimage, or press SPACEBAR to remove the box leaving             cursors free to move around image again. Use ESC at any point to                finish, and press any key to continue after viewing subimage.                l                                                                               ZOOM:                                                                                                                                                              Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete box.                             ENTER                              to display zoomed image.                     ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                        Move the two half cursors around the image and press the SPACEBAR               to complete the box defining the zoom area. At the bottom of the                screen, the maximum allowable zoom factors in each direction are                updated. Press SPACEBAR to remove the box leaving the cursors free              to move around the image, or press ENTER to continue. Using the                 arrow keys, choose the zoom factors for each direction. Press ENTER             to display the resulting zoom. A cursor is displayed on the zoomed              image. This is moved around the image in the same way as the half               cursors. The cursor moves in single pixel steps but it can be                   increased to 10 pixels using the CAPS LOCK. Use ESC at any point to             finish, and press any key to continue after viewing the zoomed                  image.                                                                       l                                                                               TWO BAND RATIOING:                                                                                                                                                  Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete box.                             ENTER                              to display resultant image.                  ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                       Enter the filenames of the images which are to be used as the                   numerator and denominator. A scattergram of the two images is                   shown. Using the cursors to move around the scattergram, complete               the yellow box to define the maximun and minimum values to be                   considered in the ratioing algorithm. This allows single features               to be used in the ratio, making the final analysis easier. Press                ENTER to chose the area defined, then press any key to view the                 results. Press any key to continue further.  Press ESC at any point             to exit to the menu.                                                         l                                                                               SCATTERGRAM:                                                                                                                                                       Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete box.                             ENTER                              to display resultant image.                  ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                        Input two filenames to be used as the x and y components.  The                  x-component image is displayed with the windowing facility to                   enable a subimage study area to be defined and used.  Press any key             to obtain the cursors. By choosing a subimage with the cursors and              box, a scattergram of that subimage is calculated. Press any key to             view the resultant scattergram.  Press ESC to exit to the menu.              l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC: ADDITION                                                                                                                                         Input two filenames to be used as summands in the required                      calculation. The first summand will be displayed and using the                  subimage facility, define an area of the image to be used in the                calculation.                                                                 l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC: AVERAGE                                                                                                                                          Input two filenames to be used as summands in the required                      calculation. The first summand will be displayed and using the                  subimage facility, define an area of the image to be used in the                calculation.                                                                 l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC: SUBTRACTION                                                                                                                                      Input two filenames to be used as summands in the required                      calculation. The first summand will be displayed and using the                  subimage facility, define an area of the image to be used in the                calculation.                                                                 l                                                                               TRANSECT:                                                                                                                                                          Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                SPACEBAR      to delete transect line and redefine.                             ENTER         to choose transect shown and display.                             ESC           to return to main menu.                                           H             displays this screen.                                          l                                                                               DEFINE AREA:                                                                                                                                                       Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                SPACEBAR      to remove the box and redefine area.                              ENTER         to choose area surrounded by box and proceed.                     ESC           to return to main menu.                                           H             displays this screen.                                                                                                                          l                                                                               UNUSED:                                                                         l                                                                               HELP:                                                                                                                                                                                    Welcolm to BILKO.                                                                                                                         Menu options can be selected by using the keypad arrows to move                 the option high-lighted in red. The red option may be chosen by                 pressing ENTER.                                                                                                                                                 Throughout the program, help may be obtained by pressing the H                  key. In general, the help screen will list the current active                   keys and a brief description of their use.                                                                                                                      The ESC key can be used to exit from any option at any time.                 l                                                                               MODIFY PALETTE:                                                                                                                                                    Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                            to change the slot number.                                                    to change the colour number.                                      ENTER         to register changes and return to main menu.                      ESC           to cancel changes and return to main menu.                        H             displays this screen.                                                                                                                             Choose the colour to be changed using the up and down arrows.                   Change the selected colour by using the left and right arrows to                loop through all 64 possible choices. Press ENTER to save the new               colours as the current LUT palette. ESC to cancel changes.                   l                                                                               CURSOR:                                                                                                                                                            Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                        to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                       CAPS LOCK +             to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.                     ESC                         return to main menu.                                H                           displays this screen.                                                                                                               Move the cursor using the arrow keys. The coordinates of the cursor             with respect to the loaded image are displayed at the bottom of the             screen, together with the pixel value and its LUT value.                     l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC: ADDITION                                                                                                                                         Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete box.                             ENTER                              to calculate resultant image.                ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                        Use the cursors to define area to be used. Press ENTER to calculate             result. A bell sounds when finished and the main menu appears. Use              the display option to view the result.                                       l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC: AVERAGE                                                                                                                                          Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete box.                             ENTER                              to calculate resultant image.                ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                        Use the cursors to define area to be used. Press ENTER to calculate             result. A bell sounds when finished and the main menu appears. Use              the display option to view the result.                                       l                                                                               IMAGE ARITHMETIC: SUBTRACTION                                                                                                                                      Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                                               to move Ú  cursor by 1 pixel.                SCROLL LOCK +                  to move  Ù cursor by 1 pixel.                CAPS LOCK +                    to move Ú  cursor by 20 pixels.              SCROLL LOCK + CAPS LOCK +      to move  Ù cursor by 20 pixels.              SPACEBAR                           to complete box.                             ENTER                              to calculate resultant image.                ESC                                to return to main menu.                      H                                  displays this screen.                                                                                                        Use the cursors to define area to be used. Press ENTER to calculate             result. A bell sounds when finished and the main menu appears. Use              the display option to view the result.                                       l                                                                               RADIOMETRIC MASKING:                                                                                                                                               Active keys are:                                                                                                                                                              to move blue pointer through histogram.                         ESC             return to main menu.                                            H               displays this screen.                                                                                                                           A histogram of the file defining the mask is displayed. Move the                blue pointer from the zero position to the desired mask value. All              of the pixels in the image defining the mask which are less than or             equal to the chosen mask value (shown in blue on the histogram)                 will be used to mask out the unwanted pixels in the final masked                image. Any masked pixels are not counted in the histogram of the                resultant image.                                                             