WPC  
      2 .     B       P    Z       .     Courier 10cpi #| x              wx 6X   @ 8; X@HP LaserJet III                      HPLASIII.PRS x 
   @   ,\,42X@ USUK  3'                                          3'Standard                                  6&                                          6& Standard    rJet III   _ K  +                                          #  Xw     P 7[hXP#  2   	    `   "   b       X  W  +Courier 10cpi CG Times (Scalable)  "  m+O6^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCȲY~~wCN~sk~CCCddCYdYdYCdd88d8ddddJN8ddddYYdYC dd  ddd   C dddddd ddd8 YYYYYY~Y~Y~Y~YC8C8C8C8ddddddddddYdddddsdYYYYYYYd~Y~Y~Y~YddddddddC8C8C8C8oN d~8~8~8~8~8dvddddJJJkNkNkNkN~8~8~8dddddddYYY  d~8dJkN~8dddddC     dd   C      CCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNd ddCYQQddddddFddddF CC hhd44ddzzddd woo     Ch      d     F"Ȑdh             d岲  dCCȐzȲxCddodȐȅdCdYdsȐ]Ȑ ȐȧzȐ       Uw                                                                                                 ŐdȐ      Y   Y                           C   C   C   C                                                               ΐz~o  zoY~NYdYC8YooYdYzsdzd d~YYzozzzzNd88YYYzYz z zz CCddddd          dd         zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzNNNNNNNdddddddddddddddddddd888888888888YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzC  s  ~CzdYC x ? x x x ,    wx 6X   @ 8; X@l  8 w C ; ,  [hXw     P 7XPv x / c 8 1 ,  c     P 7P 3 m = 6 ,  #{&m     P 7&P 2           
  F   `          "  m+O6^18MSS888S8888SSSSSSSSSS88Jxir{icx{8Aui{x`xoZi{xxxl888SS8JSJSJ8SS..S.SSSS>A.SSxSSJJSJ8 SS  SSS   8 SSSSSS SSS. xJxJxJxJxJorJiJiJiJiJ8.8.8.8.{SxSxSxSxS{S{S{S{SxSxJ{SxSxSxS{S`SxJxJxJrJrJrJrJ{SiJiJiJiJxSxSxSxSxSxS{S{S8.8.8.8.z]A uSi.i.i.i.i.{S{c{S{SxSxSxo>o>o>ZAZAZAZAi.i.i.{S{S{S{S{S{SxxSlJlJlJ  {Si.{So>ZAi.xSxS{SxS{S8     SS   8      88WxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNxxxS SS8JDDSSSSSS;SSSS; 88 VVS++SSffSSxS c]]     8V      S     ;"xxSxWxx             S唔  S88xfxxxxxxxxxxx8SxS]SxoS8SxJS`xlxxxxxxxxxxMxxxx xxofx       Gc                                               xxxx                                                  xxxSxxxx   xx   xJ   xxxxJ   xxxxx   xxx   xxx   xxx   xxxxxxxxxxxxxx     x   xxxxxx    xxxxxxxx8   xxx8   xxx8   xxx8   xxxx   x                                                   x   xxxx   xxxxfi]  f]oJiAlJ{SxJ8.uJo]]{JoSxJxf`SfS SiJxJofx]ffffAS..JJJfJf f ff 88SSSSS          SS         fffffffffffffffffffAAAAAAASSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS............JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJffffffffffffffffffff8  `  xi{8xxfSJ8 x "  m+O6^6=U\\===\====\\\\\\\\\\==Qs~sm=Gsizbsw===\\=Q\Q\Q=\\33\3\\\\DG3\\\\QQ\Q= \\  \\\   = \\\\\\ \\\3 QQQQQz~QsQsQsQsQ=3=3=3=3\\\\\\\\\\Q\\\\\i\QQQ~Q~Q~Q~Q\sQsQsQsQ\\\\\\\\=3=3=3=3fG \s3s3s3s3s3\m\\\\zDzDzDbGbGbGbGs3s3s3\\\\\\\wQwQwQ  \s3\zDbGs3\\\\\=     \\   =      ==WxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxN\ \\=QKK\\\\\\A\\\\A == __\00\\pp\\\ mff     =_      \     A"\_             \壣  \==px=\\f\z\=\Q\iwU zp       Nm                                                                                                 ń\      Q   Q                           =   =   =   =                                                               ΄psf  pfzQsGwQ\Q=3QzffQz\Qpi\p\ \sQQzpfppppG\33QQQpQp p pp ==\\\\\          \\         pppppppppppppppppppGGGGGGG\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\333333333333QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQpppppppppppppppppppp=  i  s=p\Q= x  



# c     P 7P# 
Restricted distribution`"? MARINF/83
`"9 Paris, Feb.1992
`"< English only
# Xw     P 7[hXP# 






a UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC
!
a AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION




# &m     P 7#{&P# 
l	a Marine Sciences Training and Education Programme (TREDMAR)




#      P 7$P# 
   ]  ^a( APPLICATIONS OF MARINE AND COASTAL IMAGE DATAă
   Y  # Xw     P 7 [hXP# a( from Satellite, Airborne and Insitu Sensorsă



a, Third Computerbased Learning Module



a= by




a. I.Robinson, R.Callison, D.Carter
a( J.Nichol, C.Sheppard, R.Sudarshana, T.Viehoff

a/  N.Wells, D.Blackburn, D.Troost






   ^ + #       P 7$P# aa& A CONTRIBUTION TO INTERNATIONAL SPACE YEAR  1992   +         p-p-p-  # &m     P 7#{&P#     



    ` #      P 7RP# a( Applications of Marine and Coastal Image Dataă
   p  # R     P 7
ARP# a( from Satellite, Airborne and Insitu Sensors

# 
R     P 7
ARP# 
a, Third Computerbased Learning Module
# 
&m     P 7#{&P# 



   T  Ca' Lessons by: D.Carter1 & I.Robinson2, J.Nichol3ă
   T  a& C.Sheppard4, R.Sudarshana5, T.Viehoff 6, N.Wells2ă


   T Y ta( BILKO Software and Tutorial by: R.Callison 7ă

   T 	 
a, Edited by: I.Robinson 2, A.Matthews 2ă

   T  6a% Project Management by: D.Troost 8 and D.Blackburn 9ă








   _ Q 'a& A CONTRIBUTION TO INTERNATIONAL SPACE YEAR  1992ă





      y    b 6$                    d       d d                                                                         y 
# c     P 7P# 
  x P ^  1) X Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Deacon Laboratory, U.K."
  x P &! 2) X Dept. of Oceanography, University of Southampton, U.K."
  x P ! 3) X Dept. of Geography, National University, Singapore."
  x P " 4) X Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle, U.K."
  x P ~# 5) X Institute for Remote Sensing, India. < "
  x P F$ 6) AlfredWegenerInstitut fGr Polar und Meeresforschung, Germany.
  x P % 7) X Pharos Scientific Ltd., U.K."
  x P % 8) X TREDMAR Programme, UNESCO, France."
  x P & 9) X Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, France."

  x P .( N.B. X Full addresses and fax numbers are given at the end of each lesson."
   (         p-p-p-  # &m     P 7#{&P# 






The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the
expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Unesco Secretariat concerning the legal status
of any country, territory, city, or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its
frontiers or boundaries.  The ideas and opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of Unesco.
























Published in 1992
by the United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization,
7, Place de Fontenoy, 75700 Paris
Printed in Unesco's workshops


 UNESCO 1992
Printed in France

This text and accompanying disks may
be copied for noncommercial,
educational purposes only.
The BILKO software may be used 
for the creation of lessons or other products
to be published in the present Marinf series
or otherwise in consultation with UNESCOTREDMAR.   +         p-p-p-  


   ^  a: Contentsă
   

Introductionp!"l 1

   T  Section 1:`	`	 Introductory Tutorial: the BILKO 1.3 Image Processing Softwarep!"l 5

   T T Section 2:`	`	 Practical Lessons Using Marine and Coastal Image Data
  1: Extent and content differentiation of coastal plumes pZ!"k 21
  2: Using Landsat for coastal management  1: Mapping and determining major
     substrate categoriespZ!"k 29
  3: Using Landsat for coastal management  2: Vegetation mappingpZ!"k 37
  4: Detection of potential areas for coastal aquaculture using the Indian remote
     sensing satellite  IRS 1ApZ!"k 43
  5: Study of coastal lagoonal features using IRS1A LISS datapZ!"k 55
  6: Temporal and spatial variations in seaice concentration in the Southern OceanpZ!"k 65
  7: Global waves and winds from GeosatpZ!"k 75
  8: Ocean eddy dynamics generated by a numerical modelpZ!"k 85

Appendices
  A: Contents of the floppy diskspZ!"k 95
  B: Contents of module 1 (MARINF/70) and module 2 (MARINF/81)pZ!"k 99
  C: Reply sheet for user response to Unescop "j 101
               p-p-p-  
     
 
    
     # &m     P 7#{&P# 
   ^   a8 Introductionă


This is the third computerbased learning module prepared as part of Unesco's Marine Science
Training and Education Programme (TREDMAR).  The first in the series, "Some Marine
Applications of Satellite and Airborne Remote Sensing", was issued as MARINF/70 in July 1989 and
the second, "Applications of Marine Image Data", in February 1991 as MARINF/81.  The contents
tables of these earlier modules are reproduced in Appendix B.  The lessons in this volume display
data in image form and call for its interpretation using a simple image display software toolkit called
BILKO.  Lessons are introduced in this text; data and software are supplied on the accompanying
magnetic disks.  The contents of each disk are listed in Appendix A.

This module is the direct result of feedback from recipients of the first two modules.  Having found
lessons of this type to be helpful for their own teaching in marine sciences, some of the users have
now contributed their own lessons, thus establishing an informal community whose members create
and share lessons using BILKO software as a common means of data analysis.  It is our hope that this
third module will encourage the generation of new material for future modules.

Eight new lessons have been provided by six contributors, continuing the wide geographical and
topical coverage offered previously in the series.  For this module the emphasis is on the application
of remote sensing to coastal management.  Three lessons use Landsat data: two deal with the Red Sea,
one with river plumes off the Malaysian coast.  Two lessons use data taken from the Indian earth
observation satellite IRS1A: one deals with the assessment of aquaculture potential for an Indian
estuary and the other with ecological changes in a coastal lagoon.  The remaining lessons introduce
topics new to this series.  One uses passive microwave radiation data from the SSM/I sensor to
examine the seasonal variation of sea ice around the Antarctic continent.  Another examines the
relation between global maps of surface wind and sea state generated from the Geosat Radar
Altimeter.  The final lesson does not use remotely sensed data at all: it concerns the interpretation of
data based on the output of a numerical model of ocean eddies.  These eight practical application
lessons are to be found in Section 2.

A further upgrade of the image processing software is provided with this module.  BILKO 1.3
contains all the functions provided in version 1.2, with the addition of several new image filters, an
improved masking function, a new image arithmetic capability, a normalised difference vegetation
index function, provision to add a constant to an image and a function to convert image datasets from
the BILKO format of Module 1 to the new version with embedded header introduced in version 1.2. 
The menus and online help instructions have been extended accordingly.

With this booklet, the BILKO and lesson software is provided on 5" 1.2 Mb or 3" 1.4 Mb floppy
disks for personal computers which operate with MSDOS and are fitted with a colour monitor and
graphics adapter preferably to VGA standard, but at least to EGA standard.  The minimum RAM
required to run the lessons is 512 Kb.  Full details on the BILKO 1.3 software, the programme
commands and their use are given in the introductory tutorial, Section 1. The contents of the disks
are listed in Appendix A.

As the informal network of users and producers of image based lessons grows, it is important that
those who wish to contribute a lesson communicate details via the reply sheet (Appendix C) to Unesco
as soon as possible.  A fourth module is planned, following which we intend to compile a CDROM
(compact disc, readonly memory) containing all the lessons of this series as well as pertinent
modifications, enhancements and local variations made by users.  All types of lessons are welcomed,   U*        p-++  provided they are based on data which makes use of the BILKO software.  This means that data from
   T   airborne and insitu sensors as well as satellite images can be used.  If you plan to write a lesson
please note that Section 3 of Module 2 contains a "Lesson for Lesson Creators" which provides
guidance on the preparation of images and texts.  As with most scientific educational literature,
contributed lessons are subject to editorial review before publication.

It is our hope that recipients of this module will make copies of the disks for distribution to colleagues
and students.  Additional copies of the MARINF/83 text and of the floppy disk labels are available
on request, by marking item (e) of the reply sheet.  If necessary, the software and data files can be
copied onto lower density disks.

   T J	 Just two conditions are attached to the copying and distribution of the material.  The first is that the
   T #
 material may not be sold.  The second is that recipients of this module, either the original or a
   T 
 copy, should fill in the reply sheet and return it to Unesco, Paris, at the address indicated.  The
return of reply sheets enables us to know the extent to which Module 3 is reaching the community
for which it is intended, and helps us to identify new lesson material for future modules.  The reply
sheet is attached to the letter accompanying this module.  If you did not receive the accompanying
letter, please use the sheet reproduced in Appendix C.

Finally, we welcome constructive criticism of the software and the lessons.  By this we mean that we
should like to receive suggestions for improvements and information on new ways in which the
material is being used by you, your colleagues and your students.  This is not a casual invitation:
ideas and comments from the users of this module are important for the improvements of future
modules, while modifications and local variations made to the lessons are potentially a source from
which to enrich the contents of the planned CDROM.