Sullivan, Kevin
NOAA/AOML CIMAS
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Fl 33149
(305) 361-4382
kevin.sullivan@noaa.gov
Wanninkhof, Rik
NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149
305-361-4379
Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov
Pierrot, Denis
NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory
4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami Fl, 33149
305-361-4441
Denis.Pierrot@noaa.gov
NOAA Climate Program Office
20161215
20161215
RR1609
Research Cruise
Ship
Equilibrator-IR or CRDS or GC
33RR20160703
AOML_SOOP_CO2; TAO 165E
-180.1
180.1
22.3
-8.1
20160703
20160805
Apra Harbor, Guam
Honolulu, Hawaii
Roger Revelle
33RR
U.S. Navy; operated by Scripps Institute of Oceanography
xCO2_EQU_ppm
Mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature (ppm)
ppm
xCO2_ATM_ppm
Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air (ppm)
ppm
xCO2_ATM_interpolated_ppm
Mole fraction of CO2 in outside air associated with each water analysis. These values are interpolated between the bracketing averaged good xCO2_ATM analyses (ppm)
ppm
PRES_EQU_hPa
Barometric pressure in the equilibrator headspace (hPa)
hPa
PRES_ATM@SSP_hPa
Barometric pressure measured outside, corrected to sea level (hPa)
hPa
TEMP_EQU_C
Water temperature in equilibrator (°C)
Degree C
SST_C
Sea surface temperature (°C)
Degree C
SAL_permil
Sea surface salinity on Practical Salinity Scale (o/oo)
ppt
fCO2_SW@SST_uatm
Fugacity of CO2 in sea water at SST and 100% humidity (μatm)
μatm
fCO2_ATM_interpolated_uatm
Fugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 at SST and 100% humidity (μatm)
μatm
dfCO2_uatm
Sea water fCO2 minus interpolated air fCO2 (μatm)
μatm
WOCE_QC_FLAG
Quality control flag for fCO2 values (2=good, 3=questionable)
None
QC_SUBFLAG
Quality control subflag for fCO2 values, provides explanation when QC flag=3
None
5 meters
Bow, or engine room sea chest (mid-ship)
Spray head above dynamic pool, no thermal jacket
0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace)
1.3 - 2.5 L/min
70 - 150 ml/min
Yes
Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).
Primary equilibrator is vented through a secondary equilibrator. Depending on weather conditions, the inlet of the scientific seawater system was switched between the bow and engine room.
Yes, 5 readings in a group every ~4.5 hours
Bow mast, ~14 meters above sea surface
Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 °C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).
IR
LI-COR
6262
Every 140 seconds, except during calibration
± 0.01 μatm in fCO2_SW
± 2 μatm in fCO2_SW
± 0.01 μatm in fCO2_ATM
± 0.5 μatm in fCO2_ATM
Std 1: JA02280, 233.46 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~4.5 hours.
Std 2: JA02264, 326.18 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~4.5 hours.
Std 3: JA02285, 406.06 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~4.5 hours.
Std 4: JA02646, 463.00 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~4.5 hours.
Std 5: 0.00 ppm, owned by AOML, used every ~23.5 hours.
4
The analyzer is calibrated every 4.5 hours with field standards that in turn were calibrated with primary standards that are directly traceable to the WMO scale. The zero gas is ultra-high purity air.
Instrument is located in the air-conditioned Hydro Laboratory. Ultra-High Purity air (0.0 ppm CO2) and the high standard gas are used to zero and span the LI-COR analyzer.
Pierrot, D., C. Neil, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lueger, T. Johannessen, A. Olsen, R. A. Feely, and C. E. Cosca (2009), Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data reduction routines, Deep-Sea Res II, 56, 512-522.
details of CO2 sensing (not required)
xco2(dry)
Hydro Lab
Seabird
45
0.002
0.0002
Factory calibration
Manufacturer's Typical Stability is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship. A regression fit between the average temperatures measured in the Hydro Lab and the CTD surface temperatures during a prior GO-SHIP cruise was done to estimate SST. See additional comments below.
Inserted into equilibrator ~5 cm below water level
Hart
1523
0.015
0.001
Factory calibration
Resolution is taken as Precision.
Attached to equilibrator headspace. The differential pressure reading from Setra 239, which is attached to the equilibrator headspace, is added to the pressure reading from the LICOR analyzer, which is measured by an external Setra 270 connected to the exit of the analyzer.
Setra
270
0.15
0.015
Factory calibration
Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision.
On MET mast, ~17 m above the sea surface water
RMYoung
61302V
± 0.3 hPa
0.01 hPa
Factory calibration
yes
Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.
In Hydro Lab, near CO2 system
Seabird
SBE 45
± 0.005 o/oo
0.0002 o/oo
Factory calibration
Manufacturer's Resolution is taken as Precision; Maintained by ship.
The analytical system performed well during this cruise. Values for the ship's sensors were appended to the CO2 data record in real-time. Missing real-time values were taken from the MET files logged by the ship.
During a prior cruise (RR1604, I09N) the temperature data from the CTD casts and shipboard sensors were used to estimate SSTemperature. A regression fit between the average temperature measured in the Hydro Lab (HLT, average of equilibrator and TSG temperatures) and the CTD temperature (average over top 8 db) was done for all 117 casts. After eliminating eleven outlying data, the resulting second degree polynomial equation was used to estimate the SST. SST(estimated) = 0.001424*HLT^2 + 0.950053*HLT + 0.048227 ; standard deviation of the differences between the CTD temperatures and the SST(estimated) was +/- 0.061 degree Celcius. The temperatures measured during this cruise fall within the range covered by the regression equation. The same temperature sensors in the hydro lab were used on both cruises.
Original Data Location: http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/ocdweb/revelle/revelle_2016.html
NA
underway