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1865/01: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz's (1995a) analysis. No
track available, only one point.
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1865/02: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz's (1995a) analysis. No
track available, only one point.
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1865/03: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz's (1995a) analysis.
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1865/04: This hurricane was originally listed as #5 in 1865 in Partagas and
Diaz's (1995a) analysis. Added additional day at end of the track over
Louisiana and Arkansas to provide a reasonable decay of the hurricane. Inland
winds over SE US reduced via Kaplan and DeMaria's (1995) inland decay model.
Storm is determined to have reached hurricane status based upon observations
from Guadeloupe and Louisiana. This system is known as the "Sabine River-
Lake Calcasieu Storm" in Ludlum (1963).
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1865/05: This storm was originally listed as #7 in 1865 in Partagas and
Diaz's (1995a) analysis. No major changes from their analysis. No track is
available, only one point.
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1865/06: This hurricane was originally listed as #6 in 1865 in Partagas and
and Diaz's (1995a) analysis. No major changes from their analysis. No track
available, only one point. Storm is determined to have reached hurricane
status based upon observations from the ship "Teresa".
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1865/07: This hurricane was originally listed as #8 in 1865 in Partagas and
Diaz's (1995a) analysis. Havana central pressure observation of 975 mb
gives 83 kt with the Gulf of Mexico wind-pressure relationship, utilizing 80 kt
in best track. Inland winds over Cuba and Florida reduced via Kaplan and
DeMaria's (1995) inland decay model. Storm is determined to have reached
hurricane status based upon numerous ship reports and observations taken in
Cuba.
1865/07 - 2003 REVISION:
02695 10/18/1865 M= 8 7 SNBR= 92 NOT NAMED XING=1 SSS=2
02695 10/18/1865 M= 8 7 SNBR= 94 NOT NAMED XING=1 SSS=2
**
02700 10/18* 95 804 40 0* 97 804 40 0*100 805 40 0*102 806 40 0
02705 10/19*105 806 40 0*107 808 40 0*110 810 50 0*113 811 50 0
02710 10/20*118 813 50 0*123 814 50 0*129 816 60 0*137 818 60 0
02715 10/21*143 820 60 0*152 823 60 0*159 824 70 0*169 826 70 0
02720 10/22*179 828 80 0*189 830 80 0*200 830 90 0*212 829 90 0
02725 10/23*227 825 80 975*242 819 90 0*257 810 90 0*271 798 80 0
02725 10/23*226 826 80 975*238 821 90 0*250 814 90 0*265 802 80 0
*** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
02730 10/24*286 783 80 0*301 769 80 0*314 753 80 0*325 731 80 0
02730 10/24*282 788 80 0*299 772 80 0*314 753 80 0*325 731 80 0
*** *** *** ***
02735 10/25*335 706 70 0*347 683 70 0*360 660 70 0*373 635 70 0
02740 HRBFL2CFL1
U.S. Hurricane Landfall Data
----------------------------
#/Date Time Lat Lon Max Saffir- Central States
Winds Simpson Pressure Affected
7-10/23/1865$ 0700Z 24.6N 81.7W 90kt 2 (969mb) BFL2
7-10/23/1865$ 1000Z 24.6N 81.7W 90kt 2 (969mb) BFL2
****
7-10/23/1865$ 1100Z 25.5N 81.2W 90kt 2 (969mb) BFL2,CFL1
7-10/23/1865$ 1400Z 25.4N 81.1W 90kt 2 (969mb) BFL2,CFL1
**** **** ****
Mr. Brian Jones of the University of Miami uncovered observations from
the U.S. military base Fort Jefferson west of Key West:
Fort Jefferson (24.7N, 82.8W):
Date 12Z 19Z 02Z
10/20/1865 NE-2 NE-2 NE-2 "9AM-?, 1.60"
10/21/1865 NE-4 NE-4 NE-10
10/22/1865 NE-10 N-4 N-4 "Rain 11AM-?, 2.50"
Military Post Wind Force Scale
(values are estimates of the highest gusts)
-------------------------------------------
1 - Very light breeze 2 mph (2 kt)
2 - Gentle breeze 4 mph (4 kt)
3 - Fresh breeze 12 mph (10 kt)
4 - Strong breeze 25 mph (22 kt)
5 - High breeze 35 mph (30 kt)
6 - Gale 45 mph (39 kt)
7 - Strong gale 60 mph (51 kt)
8 - Violent gale 75 mph (65 kt)
9 - Hurricane 90 mph (78 kt)
10 - Most violent 100 mph (87 kt)
These observations indicate that the hurricane's landfall over the
Florida Keys was somewhat later than the 07Z on the 23rd as
originally estimated. Based upon these data, the timing of the
track is adjusted back in time on the 23rd and 24th slightly. This
allows for landfall to occur in the Keys around 10Z.
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1865 - Additional Notes:
1. The tropical storm listed as #4 in 1865 in Partagas and Diaz (1995a) was
not included into the HURDAT because of evidence suggesting that the storm
did not actually exist. Partagas and Diaz had found an unsupported
reference to it in Tannehill (1938), but no other information.
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