1854/01: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz's (1995a) analysis.
1854/02: Utilized Ho's (1989)
work - apparently not used in Partagas
and Diaz's (1995a) analysis - to alter the track and intensity near
the US.Inland winds over SE US reduced via Kaplan
and DeMaria's (1995) inland decay model, though not as fast as suggested
with this model due to extreme duration of damaging winds along Georgia
and South Carolina. Ship with central pressures observation of 938
mb gives with subtropical latitude wind-pressure relationship a 112 kt
reading - utilizing 110 kt. Peripheral pressure reading of 973 mb
(at 20 UTC on the 8th of September in Savannah, Georgia) suggest winds
of at least 83 kt utilizing the same subtropical wind-pressure relationship.
Ho used this value with other information to estimate a 950 mb central
pressure at landfall which gives 103 kt again from
the subtropical wind-pressure relationship - here we are choosing 100
kt for the best track. Both reports (of 938 mb and 950 mb) suggest
that the storm reached major hurricane status over the Atlantic.
The storm is determined to have reintensified to hurricane status after
moving back over the Atlantic Ocean after landfall. Have also adjusted
track to the north by about 60 nmi
as the hurricane returned to the Atlantic to better match observed
strong gales over Northeastern U.S. The storm is named in Ludlum's
(1963) book as the "Carolina Hurricane of 1854".
1854/03: No major changes from Partagas and Diaz's (1995a) analysis for track. Inland winds over Texas reduced via Kaplan and DeMaria's (1995) inland decay model. The storm is determined to reach hurricane status based upon damage that occurred in Matagorda. Storm is known in Ludlum's (1963) work as the "Matagorda Hurricane of 1854".
1854/04: This storm was originally storm #5 in 1854 in
Partagas and Diaz's (1995a). No major changes from Partagas
and Diaz's (1995a) analysis.